聯邦法院裁定川普總統出生公民權禁令違憲

     （Boston Orange編譯）美國哥倫比亞特區聯邦地區法院2026年8月20日裁定，川普總統限制「出生公民權」的行政命令違憲無效。判決直接引用最高法院的「川普訴芭芭拉（Trump v. Barbara）」判例，認定所有在美出生嬰兒不論父母身分皆為美國公民。

    此案原告為美華協會（OCA）及多名在美出生、卻因父母身分而公民資格可能被剝奪的嬰兒與家庭，由亞裔美國人促進正義協會（AAJC）與華盛頓民權律師委員會（WLC）代理提出訴訟。原告選擇在哥倫比亞特區聯邦地區法院提告，是因為行政命令在華府發佈，管轄權明確。

    最高法院在「川普訴芭芭拉案」中已明確裁示，「憲法第十四條修正案」保障屬地主義公民權。哥倫比亞特區聯邦地區法院必須遵守最高法院判決先例，並認定川普政府在最高法院裁示後仍再發佈兩道行政命令，試圖以種族恐懼和反華刻板印象，質疑部分在美生產父母的動機，藉此繞過憲法約束。法官直言，總統無權單方面改寫《第十四修正案》，也不能將兒童劃分為次等群體。

    AAJC、WLC與OCA在20日發表聯合聲明，肯定判決「重申憲法已保障了150多年，在美出生的小孩就是美國公民」，並表示將持續對抗任何削弱出生公民權的非法作為。

    這宗案件是聯邦法院在出生公民權爭議上，首次以最高法院判例為基礎，做出最終實體判決，對後續類似案件具重要指標意義。

    川普政府仍可上訴。

Federal Court Strikes Down Trump Birthright Citizenship Executive Order Citing the Barbara SCOTUS ruling

 

WASHINGTON, D.C. – Today, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia declared Executive Order 14160 (Executive Order) unconstitutional because it violates the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, upholding the constitutional principle that children born in the US are citizens at birth regardless of their parent’s immigration status. This is the first time a federal court has issued a final judgment by applying the Supreme Court’s ruling in Trump v. Barbara, which reaffirmed the Constitution’s guarantee of birthright citizenship.

 

Asian Americans Advancing Justice – AAJC (Advancing Justice-AAJC) and the Washington Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs (WLC) filed a lawsuit on behalf of OCA-Asian Pacific American Advocates (OCA) and individuals impacted by Executive Order challenging the administration’s attempt to restrict birthright citizenship. 

 

Advancing Justice – AAJC, WLC, and OCA issue the following statement in response:

 

“Today’s judgment confirms what the Constitution has guaranteed for more than 150 years: children born in the United States are citizens of the United States. Even after the Supreme Court unequivocally ruled that birthright citizenship is a fundamental constitutional right, President Trump and his administration released two more executive orders searching for ways to abridge that constitutional right, this time relying on racialized fearmongering and stereotypical anti-Chinese rhetoric about the motives of the parents of children born in the United States. This order from a federal court serves as a reminder that the President does not have the power to rewrite the Fourteenth Amendment or create categories of children who are somehow less entitled to its protections. We will continue to defend birthright citizenship against every unlawful attempt to weaken it.”