(Boston Orange編譯) 麻州公衛處 (MDPH) 29日發出警告，提醒民眾，一名從波士頓到阿姆斯特丹，感染了麻疹的國際旅客，在6月22日時曾在2個地點搭乘公共交通工具，曾在這人周遭的民眾有可能感染麻疹，若有症狀，宜就診。
這名國際旅客搭乘從新罕布夏州Hanover出發的達特茅斯巴士 (Dartmouth Coach bus)，於6月22日下午2點40分時抵達波士頓羅根機場，並在機場的E航站，從2點40分待到8點40分左右，然後從E5機艙門搭上飛往阿姆斯特丹的飛機。
麻州公衛處處長(MDPH Commissioner) Robbie Goldstein博士表示，麻疹是一種經由空氣傳播，感染力極強的疾病，目前世界各地都出現爆發，或感染病例增加情況。未曾接種過疫苗者，感染的可能性更高。
麻疹幾乎比其他任何一種疾病都容易傳染。導致麻疹的病毒生存在鼻子、喉嚨中，當患病者打噴嚏，咳嗽或講話時，經由空氣傳播出去。這病毒能在空氣中存活2小時，讓鄰近人們吸進病毒。
麻州公衛處鼓勵不清楚自己的麻疹免疫狀態者，至少接種一劑麻疹、腮腺炎和德國麻疹 (MMR)疫苗。若在接觸的72小時之內接種疫苗，也都具有防範功效。
曾暴露於麻疹病毒下，但沒有免疫證據者，在暴露之後，應隔離21天。
感染麻疹的症狀，會在感染後的10天至2星期內出現，症狀類似感冒 (有發燒，咳嗽，流鼻水，眼睛紅)，並且在最初症狀出現後的2到4天內，皮膚上會出現疹子，一般先出現在頭部，然後向下移動。冒出疹子情況會持續幾天，然後逐漸消失。感染者在症狀出現的4天前，以及症狀消失4天後，都具傳染力。
State Public Health Officials Alert Residents About Potential Exposure to Measles in Multiple Locations
Those exposed or developing symptoms are urged to contact their healthcare provider
BOSTON (June 29, 2024) – The Massachusetts Department of Public Health (DPH) is alerting residents of a case of measles that was diagnosed in an international visitor who traveled through Boston to Amsterdam using public transportation on Saturday, June 22 while infectious. The traveler was present in public locations that could have resulted in exposure to other people.
Measles is more easily spread than almost any other disease. The virus that causes measles lives in the nose and throat and is sprayed into the air when an infected person sneezes, coughs or talks. It can stay in the air for up to two hours. Other people nearby can then inhale the virus.
“Measles is a highly contagious airborne disease that has seen an increase in cases and outbreaks worldwide,” said Public Health Commissioner Robbie Goldstein, MD, PhD. “People who are not vaccinated are at greater risk of infection. The best way for people to protect themselves from this disease is to make sure they are vaccinated.”
DPH urges all those who do not know their measles immunization status to get vaccinated with at least one dose of the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. Measles vaccine given within 72 hours of exposure may prevent measles disease, and vaccination beyond this window will provide protection from subsequent exposures. DPH, local health departments, and healthcare providers are working to contact individuals at high risk for exposure to this traveler. However, exposures on public transportation make identification of high-risk contacts challenging. Those exposed who do not have evidence of immunity to measles may be subject to quarantine for up to 21 days following the exposure.
Early symptoms of measles occur 10 days to two weeks after exposure and may resemble a cold (with fever, cough, runny nose, and red eyes) and a rash occurs on the skin two to four days after the initial symptoms develop. The rash usually appears first on the head and then moves downward. The rash typically lasts a few days and then disappears in the same order. People with measles may be contagious up to four days before the rash appears and for four days after the day the rash appears.
Measles is very contagious. People who are not immune and visited any of the locations on the specified dates and times below may be at risk for developing measles. Anyone who visited these locations on any of these dates during the times listed is advised to contact their health care provider to confirm their immunization status.
Exposures to this
individual may have occurred at the following locations and times:
Saturday, June 22, 2024
11:40 a.m. Dartmouth
Coach bus line departure from Hanover, NH
Dartmouth College to Boston, MA arriving at Logan Airport (Boston, MA) at approximately 2:40 p.m.
2:40 p.m. to 8:40 p.m. Terminal E at Logan Airport, Boston, MA
Flight KLM6016 from Boston to Amsterdam departing from Gate E5
Those who were exposed and begin to develop symptoms of measles should call their healthcare provider before visiting an office, clinic, or emergency department. Visiting a healthcare facility may put others at risk and should be avoided. If you do need to visit a health care facility, please make sure to wear a mask to reduce possible transmission.
People who have had
measles, or who have been vaccinated against measles per US Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations are considered immune. The CDC
recommendations are:
· Children. Children should
receive their first dose of Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine
at 12-15 months. School-aged children need two doses of MMR
vaccine.
· Adults. Adults should have at least one dose of MMR vaccine. Certain groups at high risk need two doses of MMR, such as international travelers, health care workers, and college students. Adults born in the US before 1957 are considered immune to measles from past exposures.
Anyone who has had measles in the past or has received two doses of the vaccine is unlikely to develop measles even if exposed.
For additional information, contact your local health department or DPH at 617-983-6800. To learn more about measles, visit DPH’s website.
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