Healey-Driscoll Administration Launches New Grant Programs to Support Local Infrastructure Projects

Healey-Driscoll Administration Launches New Grant Programs to Support Local Infrastructure Projects 

BOSTON – Today, the Healey-Driscoll Administration is launching two new grant programs to advance local infrastructure and economic development projects and bring more federal dollars into Massachusetts. The programs will provide technical assistance support for municipal and tribal infrastructure projects that are seeking federal funds or have received federal funds. The administration has created these programs with a focus on rural towns and Gateway Cities.  

“More technical assistance means revitalized downtowns, safer roads, new homes and more jobs in our communities,” said Governor Maura Healey. “These new tools will provide critical support to our local government leaders and will be an important part of our continued work to make Massachusetts the best place to live, work and do business.” 

“As a former Mayor, I know how impactful these resources will be to our local government leaders,” said Lieutenant Governor Kim Driscoll. “I look forward to seeing the impact of these programs across Massachusetts transportation, climate, housing and economic development projects.”  

These grant programs will be administered by the Administration’s Federal Funds and Infrastructure Office and draw on interest from the state’s Stabilization Fund, without reducing the Fund’s balance. They were created through Governor Healey’s federal funds bill. 

"In this time of national economic uncertainty, our Administration is using every financial tool available—including leveraging interest from our Stabilization Fund—to sustainably support Massachusetts cities and towns," said Administration and Finance Secretary Matthew J. Gorzkowicz. "These grants will help ensure that every community, regardless of size and access to resources, is well-equipped to compete for federal funding. I look forward to seeing these funds improve resilience, drive local economic development, and fix vital infrastructure across Massachusetts." 

“Our office has travelled all across Massachusetts to hear from municipal leaders about barriers to advancing infrastructure projects and heard across the board that more technical assistance is critical," said Federal Funds and Infrastructure Director Quentin Palfrey. “We’re thrilled to launch these two programs to help our local leaders drive forward the projects that are most important to their communities and look forward to the work to come.”   

“The Senate passed Governor Healey's federal funds bill last session because we shared the vision of unlocking new resources for cities and towns across Massachusetts,” said Senate President Karen E. Spilka (D-Ashland). “This program delivers on that promise, giving local leaders the tools they need to bring infrastructure projects to life that will make their communities even better places to live, raise a family, and run a business. I’m excited to see the Healey-Driscoll Administration launch this program, and I look forward to the great projects that will emerge from this funding in every corner of our Commonwealth.” 

“These grant programs will provide cities and towns with technical assistance as they apply for federal grants to improve their infrastructure and economic development projects,” said House Speaker Ronald J. Mariano (D-Quincy). “The House is proud to have supported the creation of these programs that will ultimately make our communities even better places to live.” 

The Municipal and Tribal Assistance Grant Program (MTTA) is a competitive grant program that will allow local governments and federally-recognized tribes to seek grants for infrastructure, climate and economic development project activities. About $2.5 million will be available via the MTTA program over FY’26 and FY’27. To qualify for funding under this program, applications must be intended for projects that are seeking or have received federal funding. Eligible uses for these funds include (but are not limited to) the following activities:  

• Tax assistance (e.g. filing forms with the IRS for Direct Pay)  

• Grant writing  

• Project scoping and financial analysis   

• Planning and feasibility studies  

• Demonstration activities   

• Post-award grant management support  

Applications for the MTTA program are now open here.  

The Technical Assistance Grants for Regional Planning Agencies (TARPA) will be a formula-based grant program for Regional Planning Agencies (RPAs) to provide direct technical assistance to cities and towns, particularly for infrastructure, climate, and economic development projects. About $2 million will be available over FY’26 and FY’27. To qualify for funding under this program, applicants must be one of the state’s 13 RPAs seeking or have received federal funding. Similar to the MTTA program, TARPA funds may be used to address a variety of technical assistance needs for projects that RPAs are seeking or have received federal funds. 

For more information about the programs, eligibility criteria, and upcoming events, please visit the FFIO website or contact Raffi Freedman-Gurspan, Associate Director of Federal Funds and Infrastructure at Raffi.M.Freedman-Gurspan@mass.gov. Additionally, you can attend a presentation on both of these programs with opportunity for Q&A at FFIO’s upcoming Federal Funds Partnership meeting on September 23^rd. Register here. 

 

Statements of Support 

Senator Becca Rausch (D-Needham), Senate Chair Joint Committee on Environment and Natural Resources and Senate Chair, Joint Committee on Municipalities and Regional Government: 

“Technical assistance grants are a force multiplier that empower communities of all sizes to take advantage of numerous funding sources. These programs, launched by the Healey-Driscoll Administration, will uplift a wide variety of important local priorities, including environmental protection, climate resilience, and economic development. As the federal funding landscape increases in chaotic uncertainty, these programs will greatly expand opportunities and much-needed support for our cities and towns.” 

Representative Jack Patrick Lewis (D- Framingham), House Chair, Joint Committee on Municipalities and Regional Government: 

“As the former Chair of the House Committee on Federal Stimulus and Census Oversight, I was proud to review the legislation that made these grants possible and to share the hearing that moved the bill forward. Throughout that process, our focus was clear: ensuring that every municipality in Massachusetts, whether a small rural town or a bustling Gateway City, would have the tools to compete for and secure federal resources. These new grant programs are a direct result of that work. By expanding access to technical assistance, our Commonwealth is leveling the playing field for local leaders, empowering them to unlock transformative federal investments. The impact will be felt in stronger infrastructure, revitalized downtowns, safer roads, new housing, and expanded job opportunities, building a stronger, more resilient Commonwealth for years to come.”   

Gardner Mayor Michael Nicholson, President, Massachusetts Mayors Association: 

“Navigating federal programs can often be complex and time-consuming, especially for smaller or underserved communities. By creating these technical assistance grant programs, the Healey-Driscoll Administration is giving cities and towns the tools they need to access resources, move projects forward, and strengthen local infrastructure. This is about building a stronger Commonwealth from the street level up—helping communities of every size unlock opportunities that will make Massachusetts safer, healthier, and more resilient for the future.” 

Adam Chapdelaine, Executive Director & CEO, Massachusetts Municipal Association: 

“Local leaders across the state have appreciated the partnership and support offered by the Federal Funds and Infrastructure Office over the past two years and are excited about the new technical assistance grant program. Navigating the complicated federal grant funding process can be daunting, particularly for communities with limited resources and experience.”  

Linda Dunlavy, Chair, Massachusetts Association of Regional Planning Agencies: 

"The Massachusetts Regional Planning Agencies are happy to work with FFIO to extend technical assistance and grant writing to our member communities. We look forward to continued collaboration and coordination with the Healey-Driscoll Administration as we navigate the changes at the federal level and are excited to work with communities to move projects forward."  

Healey-Driscoll Administration Celebrates $2.7 Million in First-Ever Capital Grants for Family Child Care Programs

Healey-Driscoll Administration Celebrates $2.7 Million in First-Ever Capital Grants for Family Child Care Programs 

Second round of child care capital funding opening October 1

 

WORCESTER

 – Lieutenant Governor Kim Driscoll, Early Education and Care Commissioner Amy Kershaw and MassDevelopment President and CEO Navjeet Bal joined local officials, family child care educators, and community leaders at the Guild of Saint Agnes in Worcester yesterday to celebrate $2.7 million in capital grants awarded to more than 150 family child care providers. These grants were the first round of the Healey-Driscoll Administration’s first-ever capital program for Family Child Care (FCC) programs, designed to enhance learning environments, expand child care capacity, and strengthen the infrastructure of early education and care at the community level.

The administration also announced yesterday that FCC programs will be able to apply for the second round of grant funding starting October 1 with $4 million available in total. Grants will range from $500 to $25,000 to support physical space improvements that enhance program quality and increase capacity. This includes indoor and outdoor upgrades, HVAC and energy efficiency improvements, emergency repairs, accessibility improvements, and installation of new program-dedicated equipment such as washing machines, refrigerators, security cameras and access control systems.

 

“We know that too many families are struggling to find local and affordable child care options,” said Governor Maura Healey. “That’s why we have been focused on providing capital opportunities that improve and expand care offerings for families. Our Family Child Care Capital Grant Program is already helping 150 small businesses, and this second round of funding will have a significant impact on reducing costs for families and ensuring kids get a high-quality early education."

 

“It was wonderful to be in Worcester to hear directly from Family Child Care educators on the impact our Family Child Care Capital Grant Program is having – such as installing fencing to enclose outdoor play areas, improving heating, air conditioning, and ventilation systems, and making space modifications to improve accessibility for children with disabilities,” said Lieutenant Governor Kim Driscoll. “I am grateful that we are able to provide family child care programs the financial resources they need to invest in our youngest learners and strengthen local early education infrastructure, promoting economic mobility for families and stimulating our economy.”

 

This grant program is administered through a partnership between the Department of Early Education and Care (EEC) and MassDevelopment, the state’s development finance agency and land bank, to support family child care programs’ capital needs. These efforts are also part of Governor Healey’s Early Education and Child Care Task Force, which is working to strengthen the early education and care sector and ensure equitable access to high-quality child care for families across Massachusetts.

 

“The Healey-Driscoll Administration has been focused on supporting the diverse early education and care mixed-delivery system. I am pleased to see the impact our Family Child Care Capital Grant Program is having, providing local businesses with the financial resources they need to provide modern, accessible, healthy and safe environments for kids and educators. Combined, we are investing nearly $7 million through this program to create the kinds of physical indoor and outdoor spaces our children deserve to learn and play in every day,” said Education Secretary Dr. Patrick Tutwiler. 

 

Yesterday’s event featured a round table discussion moderated by Commissioner Kershaw with family child care educators Wendy Buzzell, Virginia Hamilton and Jessica Reyes, alongside partners from MassDevelopment. The discussion highlighted the importance of FCC programs as both small businesses and essential early learning settings for young children, as well as the impact that capital investments have in supporting high-quality, safe learning environments.

 

The three child care providers who participated in the round table were awarded approximately $73,000 to enhance accessibility, safety, and program space for the children and families they serve. Wendy Buzzell received $25,000 to install a half bathroom on the main floor of her child care program, an improvement that will increase accessibility and convenience for the children in her care. Virginia Hamilton received $24,900 to make improvements to the outdoor deck space. Jessica Reyes was awarded $23,230 to repair and improve the safety of her entryway and to construct an outdoor deck, creating a safe and engaging space for outdoor recreational activities otherwise unavailable to children during the day.

 

“Family child care providers are a critical part of our early education and care system, supporting economic mobility for families and economic development for communities,” said Early Education and Care Commissioner Amy Kershaw. “This capital grant program recognizes their essential role by giving them the tools to make meaningful improvements to their spaces. These investments help ensure that children can learn and thrive in safe, engaging environments while providers build long-term sustainability for their programs.”

 

“In addition to their role delivering high-quality early education, our family child care providers are small businesses and job creators, and this program is delivering valuable resources to help them improve care, expand their facilities, and increase enrollment,” said MassDevelopment President & CEO Navjeet Bal. “Child care is a critical piece of our economy, ensuring parents and guardians have the freedom and flexibility to participate in our workforce. MassDevelopment has been proud to partner with the Department of Early Education and Care to administer this program.”

 

“The grant announcement speaks to Governor Healey and Lt Governor Driscoll’s continued commitment to Massachusetts working families by assuring their children receive high quality early education services,” said Worcester Mayor Joseph M. Petty.

 

“These grants are a great way to support and increase the capacity of family child care providers to help serve more children and families across the state,” said Senator Jason Lewis, Senate Chair of the Joint Committee on Education. “The first-ever round of grants is already a success, and I’m excited that we are continuing this program to help more providers upgrade their facilities, enhance safety, and increase quality of care.”

 

"The new Family Child Care Capital Grant Program will not only expand access to early education and care, but it will also improve the quality of the spaces where our children learn and grow" said Representative Ken Gordon, House Chair of the Joint Committee on Education. 

 

“We are very excited for the Family Child Care educators who have been able to improve their programs because of this capital grant,” said Sharon F. MacDonald, President & CEO at the Guild of St. Agnes. “The Family Child Care model offers families an excellent option for early education for their children, and this funding will allow these small business owners, most of whom are women, the opportunity to better meet the needs of the children and families they serve.”

 

The Healey-Driscoll Administration has been focused on supporting family child providers through a variety of ways, in addition to this grant program. This includes expanding apprenticeship programs and establishing and funding three regional intermediaries to support workforce development pathways, including registered apprenticeships. The administration has also expanded universal preschool access in Gateway Cities, increasing partnerships between school districts and FCC programs. Further, the administration launched the Business Front Door, a modern, digital-focused platform designed to connect businesses with personalized guidance to navigate state funding opportunities and incentives. Through Governor Healey’s Inter-Agency Child Care Task Force, this innovative platform included thoughtful and targeted attention to the needs of child care businesses.

 

For more information about the Family Child Care Capital Grant Program and details on the second round of funding opening on October 1, visit mass.gov/EEC.

Josh Kraft 民意支持度落後50%. 角逐波士頓市長寶座有難度

 

吳弭市長在小學開學第一天，到小學迎接小學生。（檔案照片，周菊子攝）

           (Boston Orange 周菊子綜合編譯) 還有2天就是波士頓市的初選了。儘管市長大位有4人角逐，各方面資訊都顯示，初選之後，只會是億萬富翁之子和在位市長之爭，然而民意支持度的Josh Kraft大幅度落後吳弭（Michelle Wu），最近更從30% 陡增至50%，11月大選將是誰家天下，似乎已不言而喻。

波士頓市長候選人Josh Kraft在華埠中秋節聯歡會時，逛攤位，拜票。
（檔案照片，周菊子攝）

            波士頓前鋒報（Boston Herald）在市長選舉上，一直是John Kraft的支持者，站在Josh Kraft的角度，批評吳弭市長的白體育場（White Stadium）翻修案，計畫耗用的經費不合理， 市政府還不肯透明化經費計算，大幅報導南端（South End），以及美沙酮英里（Mass & Cass）鄰近居民，為遊民盤踞街道，巷口，甚至民宅門口，街頭隨處可見針筒等問題仍未解決而憤怒，但該報評論員Joe Battenfeld也忍不住發表意見，說道，如果Josh Kraft的角逐大位之舉沒有競爭力，或許應該考慮放棄參選，或成立一個監督市政府的組織，又或者索性和吳弭合作，對抗川普總統。

            其實看電視和看 Youtube，Ｘ（推特）等社交媒體的人，應該都注意到了，Josh Kraft發佈了很多廣告片。他的競選財報也顯示，他在7月份和8月份，依序花了188萬元和237萬元來助選，目前手頭競選現金還剩130萬元。但是他的民意支持度，卻從選舉最開始時的落後吳弭30%，大降到最近的落後50%。

            波士頓市長吳弭的競選財報卻顯示，從今年1月份以來，每個月都有十幾到三十幾萬元收入，也每個月有5萬元到十幾、廿萬多元的支出，其中8月份支出最多，30多萬元，目前手頭現金還剩243萬元。

            吳弭的競選，一如她當初競選第一任市長時的一點也不掉以輕心，在初選日之前的這個週末，排出密集造勢行動，每一天各有4、5場，分別邀麻州眾議會財政委員會主席麥家威（Aaron Michlewitz），聯邦眾議員Ayanna Pressley，聯邦參議員Elizabeth Warren等重量級政要站台。

            愛默生學院的一份最新民調顯示在只有2人角逐市長大位的情況下，吳弭的支持率為72%，Josh Kraft卻只有22%。

             波士頓市選民在9月9日初選的選票上，將看到4個人的名字，在吳弭，Josh Kraft之外，還將看到曾任學校委員會委員的 Robert Cappucci，在藝術界舉辦的市長論壇中，發言震動人群的 Domingos Darosa這2人。

            坊間研究選舉者稱，Josh Kraft表現不佳的原因包括，他本人的低調個性，沒有提出大膽倡議，在主要議題上和吳弭沒有明顯差異等。此外，在初選之日將屆之際，竟有2名高級競選顧問，Will Keyser 和Eileen O’Connor突然宣佈脫離團隊，更何況波士頓的市長選舉，包括雷夫連（Ray Flynn），萬寧路（Tom Menino），華殊(Marty Walsh)，都沒有在位市長競選連任失敗的前例，更讓Josh Kraft的這場選戰看似“不可能的任務”。

第15屆亞美節44僑團參加遊行 （圖片輯）

亞美聯誼會創辦人甄雲龍帶隊遊行。

亞美會秘書長甘渴為舉大旗。

第15屆亞美節開場前，紐英崙養生五協會打頭陣，擊鼓帶士氣。（周菊子攝）

蒼珍擔任司儀。

東北大學舞龍隊率先出場。

東北大學舞龍隊率先出場。

周美桃、周麗桃姊妹率紐英崙養生舞協會參加表演。

嗩吶大師郭雅志和二胡演奏家何濤伉儷攜手支持亞美節。

世界旗袍聯合會波士頓分會派員代表遊行。

波士頓東方之聲合唱團。

波士頓東方之聲合唱團陣容龐大。

波士頓亞裔摩托車俱樂部聲稱有會員200多人。

昆士市不分區市議員候選人Andrew Pham(左）和波士頓亞裔摩托車隊套交情。

廣州聯誼會舞蹈團和新星藝術學校校長林勁都來和摩托車隊搶鏡頭。

以舞結緣的俱樂部。

台山鄉親聯誼會是少數參加遊行的同鄉會組織。

牛頓中文學校。

沙龍中文學校。

參加遊行僑團像運動會開場一樣，出發前先列隊。

見聞旅行社帶著昆士市400週年旗幟參加遊行。

作為亞美節董事之一的吳皓醫師，也來參加遊行。

新英格蘭台學聯和哈佛台灣學生會講座談台灣實質廢死

哈佛大學台灣學生會會長李典璋（又）請波士頓經文處科技組組長蔡孟勳（左）
一起頒發感謝狀給獎者之一的歐陽儀。（周菊子攝）

       （Boston Orange 周菊子麻州劍橋市報導）哈佛大學台灣學生會9月6日早上在哈佛大學馮氏禮堂（Fong Auditorium），為“關於台灣我想聊”系列舉辦研討會，從“憲法法庭113年度憲判字第8號判決對死刑制度的影響“角度，討論“台灣走向實質廢死嗎？”。

哈佛大學和MIT等台灣學生會合辦「台灣實質廢死」講座。（周菊子攝）

         這場研討會，有哈佛大學和常春藤聯盟等校的共15個台灣學生會攜手舉辦，在哈佛大學台灣學生會的“關於台灣我想聊”系列下，和“台灣咖啡館”合作舉辦，共邀有4名講者，分別在網路上和現場，從不同立場討論。

         哈佛大學台灣學生會共會長李典璋，陳曦，和哈佛法學院碩士生廖禾安當天一起主持會議，並邀得波士頓經文處科技組組長蔡孟勳做嘉賓。報名與會的有142人，其中43人現場參加。

哈佛大學台灣學生會會長李典璋（右起）位講者準備簡報螢幕。

         應邀出席的講者，有3人在網路上從台灣發言，分別是中央警察大學行政警察學系主任暨警察政策研究所長許福生談「臺灣死刑制度之回顧與展望」，臺灣大學法律學院教授謝煜偉談「113年度憲判字第8號判決後的死刑量刑」，台北地檢署檢察官廖彥鈞談「113年度憲判字第8號判決對於國民參與審判之影響─從檢方角度出發」。

左起，禾安，歐陽儀法官，哈佛台灣學生會會長李典璋。

         曾任臺灣臺北地方法院刑事庭暨國民法官專庭審判長，目前在哈佛大學法學院修讀碩士的歐陽儀法官，在現場發言，談「臺灣的國民法官法制度及113年度憲判字第8號判決意旨之實務運用現況」。

         台灣早從結束戒嚴時期開始，就一直有人倡議廢除死刑，在2022年底到2023年初期間，共有37名死刑犯申請釋憲，使得「廢死」議題，再度大受關注。

哈佛「台灣實質廢死」講座，線上線下共約130人參加。（周菊子攝）

         今年初到8月23日前，在台灣鬧得滿城風雨的的2波「大罷免」議員行動，也有人把廢死議題拿來作為是否該支持或罷免某位議員的衡量標準。

         台灣是在2020年7月時，3讀通過國民法官制度，2023年1月正式上路，讓年滿23歲的符合資格國民，和職業法官一起參與特定重大刑案的審判。

有3名講者從台灣線上參加。

         由於2024年9月時，台灣憲法法庭做出判字第8號判決，認為死刑制度「合憲」，但僅限「最嚴重犯罪」，而且必須遵循嚴格正當的法律程序，包括三審強制辯護，由3名職業法官和6名國民法官組成的合議庭須做出「一致決」，量刑時考量被告情況，不得對有精神障礙者執行死刑等之後，支持者與反對者又高分貝辯論，「廢死」議題也再度熱絡起來。

         前述4名講者，分別從死刑制度，量刑，檢察官角度，以及實務運用等不同方位申論，讓出席者看到刑法制定與實施辦法上的各種考量，顧忌，與及不容易。

         4名講者中的檢察官廖彥鈞坦率表示，檢察官的傳統角度，講究的是藉刑罰為受害者伸張正義，113憲判8是為保護個人基本生命權，規定只能在情節最重大之飯做，法官一致同意判決死刑，沒有其他刑罰可以替代，以達到教化，隔離犯罪者目的時，才可判處死刑，所以他從個人角度看，認為台灣的確已實質廢死。

         幾名講者的講談重點包括：

         許福生教授的講談，從回顧台灣近年曾發生過的7宗隨機殺人開始，犯案者房客以租屋名義約房東看屋，將之殺害; 在台南市以瑞士刀割喉10歲男童; 持雙刀在台北捷運板南線車廂來回砍殺; 持水果刀割喉8歲國小女生;北捷中山站電扶梯隨機砍人;在內湖人行道刀砍女童頸部;持生魚片刀在便利店門外次騎機車男被不等。

         然而從2016年迄今2025年，幾乎都無人，或最多一人被判死刑。許福生接著闡釋，支持死刑或反對死刑者在人道主義，刑事政策，司法實務，社會心理，國際趨勢，經濟效益，民調立場觀察，以及對被害人的影響上的不同之處。

         他也列出一份民調顯示，不贊成廢除死刑的民眾，高達82.7%，贊成的僅12%，大法官釋憲實質廢死的也是不贊成者佔80.5%，贊成的12.3%。

         死刑在刑罰制度上，主要是為懲罰罪犯，使他們付出代價，希望藉以發揮威嚇效果，而死刑是否符合憲法，歷經從1985年起的多次釋憲，除2015年認為違憲，2024年認為有條件合憲之外，憲法庭都認為死刑是符合憲法的懲罰。至於死刑算不算酷刑，第二屆模擬憲法法庭也曾經討論過。113年也出爐了一份憲判字第8號。

         

         研究刑法解釋學的臺灣大學法律學院教授謝煜偉，主要談的是「113年度憲判字第8號判決後的死刑量刑」。他先申論這113憲判8判決的意義，指出死刑的目的是讓犯罪者得到應有報應，並發揮嚇阻的預防作用，其量刑框架是要審酌犯罪嚴重程度，犯案者有無再教化、更生之可能。其中三階段量刑架構很重要。

         他指出，113憲判8可能間接誘使最高法院改變見解，降低死刑是用的標準。學者們也在研議，最高法院近年來對死刑是用所設下的防火牆是否可能會因113憲判8而逐步瓦解。

 

         台北地檢署檢察官廖彥鈞談「113年度憲判字第8號判決對於國民參與審判之影響─從檢方角度出發」。

         廖彥鈞先解說國民法官案件基本流程，包括準備程序，挑選是任國民法官，再進行罪責審理，量刑審理，然後終局評議。接著敘述法務部提出的要旨包括死刑合憲，作為刑罰手段，符合比例原則，然而禁止死刑並非有共識的國際法原則，廢除死刑應以政治上達成共識為前提，個別檢察官的立場則是傳統上重刑等於正義，是為被害人伸張正義，但是檢察官沒有聲請釋憲的權利。

         高雄65歲吳姓男子只因樓上鄰居太吵，持刀上樓，當著2名稚子之面，砍死其父母的案件，是國民法官參審的首宗死刑判決案。

         廖彥鈞指出，有人認為113憲判8是實質廢死，主要原因是科處死刑應經各級法院合議庭法官一致決，每一名職業法官都有否決權。他坦率表示，依目前情況來看，他個人認為儘管台灣並未直接廢除死刑，但在審案求刑上等於已經實質廢死。

 

         歐陽儀法官這天講談的是「臺灣的國民法官法制度及113年度憲判字第8號判決意旨之實務運用現況」。

         她說明了台灣職業法官的職責是收到電腦隨機指派的案件後，閱讀案件，聆訊，審議，撰寫裁決。國民參與刑事審判，從參與人數，方式及範圍上，主要分3種方式，國民法官制，參審制，陪審制等，是用的案件，最輕要本刑10年以上有期徒刑，故意犯罪因而發生死亡結果等。她也就台灣的國民法官和美國的陪審制度做了對應比較，提出數個113憲判8出爐後的實際應用個案，國民法官享有日費，旅費，雇主需給予公假，不得作不利處分，個資安全等保護。