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星期三, 11月 16, 2016

A quick reminder from President Obama:Get Covered

A quick reminder from President Obama:
From now through January 31, 2017, the Health Insurance Marketplace is open for business.
You can head to HealthCare.gov to shop for health plans for 2017 -- and get coverage for less than you might think. President Obama explains how:
Go to HealthCare.gov

Go to HealthCare.gov


Don't have health insurance?
If you don’t have health insurance, or if you're looking to upgrade your Marketplace plan, you can easily compare plans in the Health Insurance Marketplace right now at HealthCare.gov. In 2017, most people who get coverage on HealthCare.gov can find a plan for less than $75 a month. And people who shop on HealthCare.gov can choose from an average of 30 plans.


Already covered?
Make sure to spread the word to friends and family who don't have affordable options. Under the Affordable Care Act, America’s uninsured rate has reached a record low, and 20 million adults have gained coverage. But you might know someone who’s looking for the security and peace of mind that comes with quality, affordable health coverage.


So don't wait.
Go to HealthCare.gov today to check out your options and find a plan by December 15 for coverage that starts on January 1, or pass this along to a friend or loved one and encourage them to #GetCovered.
Thanks -- and we'll be in touch soon.

Rep. Chu Joins Rep. Cicilline and Over 160 House Democrats to Ask President-Elect Trump to Rescind Hiring of Steve Bannon

Rep. Chu Joins Rep. Cicilline and Over 160 House Democrats to Ask President-Elect Trump to Rescind Hiring of Steve Bannon
Washington, DC – Today, Rep. Judy Chu (CA-27) joined 168 members of the U.S. House, led by Rep. David N. Cicilline (RI-01), in sending a letter asking President-elect Donald Trump to rescind 'alt-right' leader Steve Bannon’s appointment as White House Chief Strategist. Rep. Chu released the following statement:

“After winning election to our nation’s highest office, Donald Trump said his mission was to unite the country. Yet his first staffing choice does the complete opposite. Steve Bannon has made a career out of inflammatory and offensive headlines about women, minorities, and political opponents. That’s not perception, that’s the reality. And it’s why Donald Trump brought him on to lead his inflammatory campaign. Now that the campaign is over, we must focus on unity and progress. Steve Bannon, as a champion of the ‘alt-right’, is simply not suited to bring our country together and, in fact, exacerbates the worst fears of a Trump presidency. I have heard from an incredible number of constituents who worry about an administration that will assume the bigotry and insults that characterized Bannon’s time at Breitbart. Furthermore, I am disappointed that no Republicans have decided to join us in speaking out against this pick. For the sake of a smooth transition and in order to establish a White House that represents all Americans, I call on President Elect Trump to rescind his hiring of Steve Bannon.”

The full text and a list of signers is included below. A PDF of the letter sent to Trump Tower today can be downloaded by clicking here.

Dear President-elect Trump:

Immediately following your victory, many Americans were optimistic and hopeful that you would take the steps necessary to unify our country following the divisive and contentious election.  In your election night speech you said, “Now it’s time for America to bind the wounds of division.  It is time for us to come together as one united people.”  Unfortunately, your appointment of Stephen Bannon, whose ties to the White Nationalist movement have been well-documented, directly undermines your ability to unite the country.  As elected representatives of millions of Americans from diverse backgrounds, religions, and ethnicities, we strongly urge you to reconsider your decision to appoint Mr. Bannon to White House Chief Strategist.

Since the election there have been a number of incidents across the country in which minorities, including Muslim Americans, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Jewish Americans, have been the targets of violence, harassment and intimidation. Mr. Bannon’s appointment sends the wrong message to people who have engaged in those types of activities, indicating that they will not only be tolerated, but endorsed by your Administration.  Millions of Americans have expressed fear and concern about how they will be treated by the Trump Administration and your appointment of Mr. Bannon only exacerbates and validates their concerns.

As the Executive Chairman of Breitbart News, Mr. Bannon repeatedly and aggressively pushed stories that promote anti-Semitism, xenophobia, and racism. During an interview last summer, Mr. Bannon bragged that Breitbart was “the platform for the alt-right,” a movement that upholds White Nationalism while strongly rejecting diversity in any form. Under Mr. Bannon’s leadership, Breitbart has referred to a leading Republican who opposed your election as a “Renegade Jew,” suggested “Young Muslims in the West are a ticking time bomb,” declared that the “Confederate flag proclaims a glorious heritage,” and praised the alt-right as a “smarter” version of “old-school racist skinheads.”
Disturbingly, leading white nationalists like former KKK Grand Dragon David Duke, American Nazi Party Chairman Rocky J. Suhadya, Richard Spencer, Peter Brimelow, and Brad Griffin have praised the news of Mr. Bannon’s appointment.  We believe it should concern you that civil rights groups, including the Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center, are widely opposed to Mr. Bannon’s appointment.

We strongly believe that Mr. Bannon’s appointment will not allow the country to heal and come together as one. As one of your top advisors, the White House chief strategist will help set the tone for your administration. The person in this role must be prepared to serve the interests of all Americans, not those of a select few.

Once again, we strongly urge you to rescind this appointment immediately and build a diverse White House staff who are committed to the core American values of inclusiveness, diversity and tolerance.

Sincerely,
David N. Cicilline (RI-1)
Alma Adams (NC-12)
Pete Aguilar (CA-31)
Karen Bass (CA-37)
Joyce Beatty (OH-3)
Xavier Becerra (CA-34)
Ami Bera (CA-7)
Donald Beyer (VA-8)
Sanford Bishop (GA-2)
Earl Blumenauer (OR-3)
Suzanne Bonamici (OR-1)
Madeleine Bordallo (Guam)
Brendan Boyle (PA-13)
Robert Brady (PA-1)
Julia Brownley (CA-26)
Cheri Bustos (IL-17)
G.K. Butterfield (NC-1)
Michael Capuano (MA-7)
Tony Cardenas (CA-29)
John Carney (DE-At large)
Andre Carson (IN-7)
Matt Cartwright (PA-17)
Kathy Castor (FL-14)
Joaquin Castro (TX-20)
Judy Chu (CA-27)
Katherine Clark (MA-5)
Yvette Clarke (NY-9)
William Lacy Clay (MO-1)
Emanuel Cleaver (MO-5)
James Clyburn (SC-6)
Steve Cohen (TN-9)
Gerald Connolly (VA-11)
John Conyers (MI-13)
Jim Cooper (TN-5)
Joe Courtney (CT-2)
Joseph Crowley (NY-14)
Elijah Cummings (MD-7)
Danny Davis (IL-7)
Susan Davis (CA-53)
Peter DeFazio (OR-4)
Diana DeGette (CO-1)
John Delaney (MD-6)
Rosa DeLauro (CT-3)
Suzan DelBene (WA-1)
Mark DeSaulnier (CA-11)
Ted Deutch (FL-21)
Debbie Dingell (MI-12)
Lloyd Doggett (TX-35)
Michael Doyle (PA-14)
Tammy Duckworth (IL-8)
Donna Edwards (MD-4)
Keith Ellison (MN-5)
Eliot Engel (NY-16)
Anna Eshoo (CA-18)
Elizabeth Esty (CT-5)
Dwight Evans (PA-2)
Sam Farr (CA-20)
Bill Foster (IL-11)
Lois Frankel (FL-22)
Marcia Fudge (OH-11)
Ruben Gallego (AZ-7)
John Garamendi (CA-3)
Gwen Graham (FL-2)
Al Green (TX-9)
Gene Green (TX-29)
Raul Grijalva (AZ-3)
Luis Gutierrez (IL-4)
Janice Hahn (CA-44)
Colleen Hanabusa (HI-1)
Alcee Hastings (FL-20)
Denny Heck (WA-10)
Brian Higgins (NY-26)
James Himes (CT-4)
Ruben Hinojosa (TX-15)
Michael Honda (CA-17)
Jared Huffman (CA-2)
Steve Israel (NY-3)
Sheila Jackson Lee (TX-18)
Hakeem Jeffries (NY-8)
Eddie Bernice Johnson (TX-30)
Hank Johnson  (GA-4)
Marcy Kaptur (OH-9)
William Keating (MA-9)
Robin Kelly (IL-2)
Joseph Kennedy (MA-4)
Dan Kildee (MI-5)
Derek Kilmer (WA-6)
Ron Kind (WI-3)
Ann Marie Kuster (NH-2)
James Langevin (RI-2)
Rick Larsen (WA-2)
John Larson (CT-1)
Brenda Lawrence (MI-14)
Barbara Lee (CA-13)
Sander Levin (MI-9)
John Lewis (GA-5)
Ted Lieu (CA-33)
Dave Loebsack (IA-2)
Zoe Lofgren (CA-19)
Alan Lowenthal (CA-47)
Nita Lowey (NY-17)
Ben Ray Lujan (NM-3)
Michelle Lujan Grisham (NM-1)
Stephen Lynch (MA-8)
Carolyn Maloney (NY-12)
Sean Patrick Maloney (NY-18)
Doris Matsui (CA-6)
Betty McCollum (MN-4)
Jim McDermott (WA-7)
James McGovern (MA-2)
Jerry McNerney (CA-9)
Gregory Meeks (NY-5)
Grace Meng (NY-6)
Gwen Moore (WI-4)
Seth Moulton (MA-6)
Patrick Murphy (FL-18)
Jerrold Nadler (NY-10)
Grace Napolitano (CA-32)
Richard Neal (MA-1)
Richard Nolan (MN-8)
Donald Norcross (NJ-1)
Eleanor Holmes Norton (DC)
Beto O'Rourke (TX-16)
Frank Pallone (NJ-6)
Bill Pascrell (NJ-9)
Donald Payne Jr. (NJ-10)
Ed Perlmutter (CO-7)
Scott Peters (CA-52)
Chellie Pingree (ME-1)
Mark Pocan (WI-2)
Jared Polis (CO-2)
David Price (NC-4)
Mike Quigley (IL-5)
Kathleen Rice (NY-4)
Cedric Richmond (LA-2)
Lucille Roybal-Allard (CA-40)
Raul Ruiz (CA-36)
Tim Ryan (OH-13)
Linda Sanchez (CA-38)
John Sarbanes (MD-3)
Jan Schakowsky (IL-9)
Adam Schiff (CA-28)
Kurt Schrader (OR-5)
Bobby Scott (VA-3)
Jose Serrano (NY-15)
Terri Sewell (AL-7)
Albio Sires (NJ-8)
Louise McIntosh Slaughter (NY-25)
Adam Smith (WA-9)
Jackie Speier (CA-14)
Eric Swalwell (CA-15)
Mark Takano (CA-41)
Bennie Thompson (MS-2)
Mike Thompson (CA-5)
Dina Titus (NV-1)
Paul Tonko (NY-20)
Norma Torres (CA-35)
Niki Tsongas (MA-3)
Chris Van Hollen (MD-8)
Juan Vargas (CA-51)
Marc Veasey (TX-33)
Nydia Velazquez (NY-7)
Timothy Walz (MN-1)
Debbie Wasserman Schultz (FL-23)
Maxine Waters (CA-43)
Bonnie Watson Coleman (NJ-12)
Peter Welch (VT-At large)
Frederica Wilson (FL-24)
John Yarmuth (KY-3)

Over 400 celebrate immigrant unity and impact at MIRA Thanksgiving lunch

Over 400 immigrants, legislators and community leaders come together to celebrate immigrant unity and impact

BOSTON — At 11:30 Tuesday morning, first-time voters, new Americans, refugees, legislators, community leaders and many others from across Massachusetts celebrated their shared immigrant heritage at the 12th annual free Thanksgiving Luncheon offered by the Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition, or MIRA. Over 400 guests came to "Our Shared Table" to stand together in unity with all new Americans who make our Commonwealth stronger.

Attorney General, Maura Healey gave a powerful statement about her office standing up for the civil rights of all Massachusetts residents and a special hotline for anyone experiencing bias-motivated threats, harassment, or violence to call (1-800-994-3228). She encouraged immigrants in the state to come forward with their concerns "without fear of reprisal based on immigration status." Addressing the diverse audience, MIRA Executive Director Eva Millona declared that "The American Dream is bigger than an election, and we need to stand together and recommit to our shared values.”

The support for making Massachusetts a safe and welcoming place in light of the concerning rhetoric of the President-elect was underscored by numerous state legislators, including State Senator Jason Lewis and State Representative Jeffrey Sánchez, who both shared their own immigration stories of coming to the U.S. as children and watching their parents work hard to make a life for them here. Senator Jamie Eldridge also spoke, reaffirming his intention to refile the Massachusetts TRUST Act in the upcoming legislative session.

The theme of unity and community support was further buttressed by a statement from Boston Mayor Marty Walsh, read by Alejandra St. Guillen, Executive Director of the Mayor’s Office for Immigrant Advancement, in which he asserted that Boston is a "city of compassion, a welcoming, diverse, global city," and it will stay that way.

The diverse audience at the event also heard a series of inspiring personal testimonies shared by Emmanuel Franjul (an immigrant from the Dominican Republic and a Partner at Frontier Capital Management), Ana Rosa Dias (a recently naturalized immigrant from Brazil who just voted in her first American election), and Said Ahmed (a Somali refugee, U.S. track star, and founder of United Somali Youth). The audience was treated to the Star Spangled Banner and operatic highlights sung by mezzo-soprano Fanny Lora (an immigrant from the Dominican Republic).

MAYOR WALSH, COMMISSIONER EVANS SWEAR IN 42 NEW CADET

MAYOR WALSH, COMMISSIONER EVANS SWEAR IN 42 NEW CADET
BOSTON - Wednesday, November 16, 2016 - Mayor Martin J. Walsh joins Boston Police Commissioner William B. Evans today, Wednesday, November 16, swear in 42 Boston Police Cadets to the Boston Police Department. 

Last year, Mayor Walsh announced the reinstatement of the Boston Police Cadet Program, a training program for Boston's youth seeking a career in law enforcement.

Candidates for the cadet program must be between the ages of 18-24, be a current resident of Boston, and have maintained Boston residency for the last 5 years, be a United States citizen, have a valid Massachusetts driver's license and take and pass an exam. 

The Cadet program is a minimum of a two-year commitment. Cadets rotate throughout the Department in various assignments and shifts, including Headquarters, District Stations, and other specialized units throughout the City. Primary responsibilities include: routine clerical and administrative duties, answering phones, data entry, traffic duty, utilizing Department vehicles, barrier work, and related duties as required.

亞美社區發展協會奠基礎 明年慶30週年

亞美社區發展協會董事長李保華(左)和行政主任劉安琪(右)主持年會。
(周菊子攝)
(Boston Orange 周菊子波士頓報導)亞美社區發展協會(ACDC)1115日晚,在信義大廈社區室舉行年會,匯報劉安琪已正式接掌行政主任,綠茵苑第二期破土動工,跨進摩頓市提供服務,明年將慶祝成立30週年等動態。
ACDC董事會董事長李保華,行政主任劉安琪等人,15日晚分別做報告,並安排青少年Wen Yin說明,他們做過調查研究,有結果後直接送交波士頓交通局,並促了成過馬路時間延長了等地的調研結果。
亞美社區發展協會的董事成員,右一為陳咏梅,右四起為李保華,
Rebecca Lee,周樹昂,Terry Kwan。(周菊子攝)
亞美社區發展協會過去這數年來,主要精力放在建造位於乞臣街(Hudson)66號的綠茵苑(One Greenway)上。去年第一期竣工,為華埠社區帶來95戶可負擔住宅,今年第二期破土,預計明年(2017)竣工後,在乞臣街88號那兒,華埠社區將再添51戶可負擔住宅,落實綠茵苑總共361戶,40%都是可負擔住宅的承諾。
由於波士頓市房租之貴在全美排名第三,僅次於紐約,舊金山,波士頓市內居民要租房子至少得花三分之一月薪,要買房子,只能嘆負擔不起,因此麻州交通署宣佈要出售第2526號,加起來超過5英畝的鄰近華埠土地時,ACDC發動居民及年輕人,提出撥置可負擔住宅,照顧及低收入民眾的要求。
Wen Yin展示青少年們製作的交通安全短片。
在蓋房子之外,ACDC也致力協助社區民眾租住,或購買可負擔住宅,10名員工中有4人做房屋諮詢,1人做社區規劃。為因應摩頓市的亞裔人口,已高佔全市23%20年間增長了4倍,還特地新聘了Kathy Chang,駐守摩頓市,為當地民眾服務。
青少年培訓(AVOYCE)ACDC二年前開始恢復辦理的服務項目,今年有231418歲的會員,每週上課,認識華埠社區,了解地方議題。其中的Wen Yin與同伴合作,製作了一輯交通安全短片,最後波士頓交通局在不少十字路口處,修改了交通號誌,延長了過馬路的時間等。
AVOYCE的青少年們也來出席ACDC年會。(周菊子攝)
根據亞美社區發展協會年報,該會現有董事16人,員工10人,年度收入1584773元,支出1043825元。各界支持者捐款逾15萬元,其中6名個人或夫婦,各捐5000元以上,9個機構或公司,各捐10,000元以上。



星期二, 11月 15, 2016

美中醫學交流學會年會討論慢性病

群英讲演-慢病热议
---美中医学交流学会2016年年会记实---
美中医学交流学会(ACMES学术年会20161112在哈佛贝斯以色列医院隆重举行,与会者包括了来自大洋彼岸的中国,美国加州纽约等,及新英格兰地区的医生,治疗师医学科研人员百余人历时医界大碗云集,分两个会场,先后有二十多名医学专家讲演涵盖各种多发病最新进展,医学热点点评, 病例讨论,还有医学诉讼,医药对话,医生及医学科学生涯分享,博后论坛,成果分享内容丰富,形式多样,深受与会者好评,纷纷表示收益匪浅。
本次年会的重点集中在慢病的治疗和康复,慢性疼痛在美国困扰着上亿名病患,也是临床上的棘手问题,麻省总院疼痛科主任荐人教授阐述了阿片类药物治疗相关的进展,并指出阿片样物质诱导的痛觉过敏的机理及临床措施,麻省总院疼痛科林旭教授则详细介绍了合理运用非阿片类药物治疗疼痛的临床指南。
来自贝斯以色列医院的心血管专家Peter Kang教授指出心血管疾病的发病年龄趋势逐渐年轻化并介绍疾病成因、治疗趋势以及2016心血管病防治的最新进展来自布莱根妇女医院的内分泌专家Margo Hudson 教授则介绍了糖尿病微血管并发症的最新解析与治疗进展,随着糖尿病这一文明病近年的急剧增长,认识其合并症早期防治至关重要,而斯堡定康中心的王青梅教授则对于中风的治疗康复方面进展做了详尽的讲演,包括了最新的情景模拟,机器人协助等技术。
对亚裔多发病肝病,有资深专家对此进行专业讲座培训。加利福尼亚大学尔湾医学中心临床医学胡克勤教授和哈佛大学医学院临床医学刘丹阳副教授分别对 乙肝、肝的治疗病例做了专题讲座详细介绍了近年治疗方面突破性进展。
困扰着无数中老年的骨质疏松症也是极为关注的慢病,布莱根妇女医院的闽乐教授介绍了骨质疏松的临床评估及各种治疗方案,包括了最新的注射型药物的利弊, 并通过病例讨论阐述补充维生素D的重要性。
儿童中并不罕见的“抽动症”是一种神经系统病患,他们会不可控地抽动,如通过机场安检时会发出大声的吼叫,这种声带抽动不可控制,病患儿童以及其家庭都十分痛苦,药物以及其它治疗的效果都不令人满意。从中国上海赶来的心理学家及“能量治疗”师孙金宇因儿子不幸是“抽动症”儿童,在长期的、艰辛的帮助儿子最终走出来的过程中,她创造了“能量疗法”。她认为人的身体是个小宇宙,有七个脉轮,脉轮需要一个一个地打开。脉轮都打开后,可以体会到浑身通透的感觉。她还提到99.9%抽动症儿童是刨腹产儿童。她分享了多年来用心理能量疗法治疗抽动症自闭症的经验,并给听众当场示范。自然医学医师及营养师付海伦也举例论证抗氧化剂对于癌症病患及老人痴呆症的作用和临床效果,也使听众耳目一新。
精准医学可谓当代医学热点,哈佛麻省理工Broad研究所资深科学家丁岩教授通过4晚期癌症病例肿瘤靶向治疗的实例分析,阐述了精准医学全基因分析寻找突变基因对于指导针对性化疗的重大意义,在临床上手术放疗化疗无措给病患带来生机,挽救了病人的生命,非常激动人心,这些德病例都发表在著名期刊
临床医师侯春秋与杨薇医生分享了她们成为医生的道路和临床生涯,成功的医学研究人员张眉博士介绍了他的细胞影像和职业,放射科医师Kye Kim大家介绍了远程放射学的挑战和机遇以及国际会平台临床药剂师温国林介绍了医生药剂师的关系,药物动力学和药效学测量对于医生开药的指导价值。医学诉讼首席律师David Gould带给听众的是他的拿手题目:医学实践中的法律问题,他强调医患关系和医责重要性博士后研究者宋瑞,Wenshu Luo, Jianting Huang, Mingzhu Xu, Han Xu, John Wong先后在博后论坛发言,讲演了他们医学研究新进展。刘君,宋瑞和陆平博士在最新期的美中医学NAJMS分别发表自闭症与肠道微生物,自闭症与自主功能失调,自闭症与免疫失调的综述文章。
美中医学交流学会会长孔学君医师在开幕词中总结了该学会2016年大事记学会的自闭症研究所与国内合作多展开,成功合办深圳国际自闭症高峰论坛,应邀参加广州国际康复论坛,协办浙江省自闭症教育康复论坛,北大自闭症论坛成功举办ACMES春季学术会议各种继续教育课程,中国医生培训班3医院管理培训班2期,接待国内代表团4组,举办社区服务及社区讲座数场,旗下两份杂志如期发表,中文杂志北美医学与健康已发51,英文杂志北美医学与科学已发33,被各杂志引用日益增加。她指出,这些成绩是学会执委会和学会各位成员共同努力的结果,学会作为中美医学交流的有效平台,旨在为增进全球健康作出贡献,2017将再接再厉,更上一层楼。(牛江河提供)

IDG傳出要以10億元賣給熊曉鴿等人

波士頓商業期刊(BBJ)今(15)日下午報導,發行”個人電腦世界(PC World)",”資訊長(CIO)”等科技刊物,座落於傅萊明罕鎮(Framingham)的出版及研究巨擘,國際數據集團(International Data Group,簡稱IDG),傳出消息,有意以10億元把自己賣給和該公司有關的中國投資者。
據說路透社先發表了這消息,但一名IDG發言人表示,該公司不會就謠言或猜測發表意見。
路透社引述熟悉此事者的說法,指IDG大中國區主席熊曉鴿是這群投資者的帶頭人,交易中的其他投資者,還身分不明。
熊曉鴿畢業於波士頓大學,被稱為中國風險資本之父。他是創辦”IDG資合夥人”的主要合夥人,也是IDG大中國區主席。
創辦於1964年的IDG,近年走在十字路上。大約兩年前,該公司創辦人麥高文(Patrick McGovern)去世了。IDG的所有權轉移給了麥高文資產,以維護麥高文基金的利益。
IDG表示,一月份時,該公司找來高盛(Goldman Sachs)投資銀行來研究出售可能。
IDG表示,該公司的子公司包括做科技市場研究的國際數據公司,辦展覽的IDG世界展覽公司,以及IDG新聞服務公司。在麥高文辭世時,IDG已在美國內外發行了300多份雜誌,報紙,460個網站,以及200多個移動應用程式。
根據波士頓商業期刊的調查,IDG的2014年營業額高達37.5億美元,擁有13,200名員工,其中717人在麻州。

MAYOR WALSH, COMMISSIONER EVANS TO SWEAR IN NEW CADET CLASS

MAYOR WALSH, COMMISSIONER EVANS TO SWEAR IN NEW CADET CLASS
BOSTON - Tuesday, November 15, 2016 - Mayor Martin J. Walsh will join Boston Police Commissioner William B. Evans on Wednesday, November 16 at 12:15 p.m. to swear in 42 Boston Police Cadets to the Boston Police Department. 

Last year, Mayor Walsh announced the reinstatement of the Boston Police Cadet Program, a training program for Boston's youth seeking a career in law enforcement.

Candidates for the cadet program must be between the ages of 18-24, be a current resident of Boston, and have maintained Boston residency for the last 5 years, be a United States citizen, have a valid Massachusetts driver's license and take and pass an exam. 

The Cadet program is a minimum of a two-year commitment. Cadets rotate throughout the Department in various assignments and shifts, including Headquarters, District Stations, and other specialized units throughout the City. Primary responsibilities include: routine clerical and administrative duties, answering phones, data entry, traffic duty, utilizing Department vehicles, barrier work, and related duties as required.