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星期二, 12月 06, 2016

波士頓市長提案物業免稅額增加 35%

                (Boston Orange)波士頓市長今(6)日宣佈,提案增加波士頓居民務業免稅額,屋主自住的單家庭屋業主,約可節省299元。這是波士頓市自2000年以來,第一次提高物業免稅額。
                波士頓市長這提案旨在容許擁有務業的屋主在繳稅上喘口氣,一旦通過,屋主自住的主要物業免稅額提高35%。納稅人的平均物業稅將從3533元降至3234元。
                 

MAYOR WALSH ANNOUNCES PROPOSAL TO PROVIDE TAX RELIEF TO BOSTON HOMEOWNERS
BOSTON - Tuesday, December 6, 2016 - Mayor Martin J. Walsh today announced a proposal to increase Boston's residential property tax exemption for the first time since 2000. The proposal would reduce average property tax bills for single family, owner-occupied residences by $299. If adopted, the proposal would increase the residential tax exemption for taxpayers who occupy their homes as their principal residences to 35 percent in an effort to provide substantial tax relief to homeowners in Boston. The average property tax bill for these taxpayers would decrease from $3,533 to $3,234.

"The City of Boston has been rapidly growing and expanding over the past few years and it's paying off," said Mayor Walsh. "Whether they've lived here for decades or just moved in, our residents are the foundation to this vibrant and thriving city. We're happy to let Boston homeowners keep a little more money in their pockets come tax season with this increase in the residential exemption."

This proposal was filed by City Councilor Mark Ciommo after the state last week passed a law, led by Joint Committee on Revenue Chairmen Jay R. Kaufman and Michael J. Rodrigues and advocated for by Mayor Walsh, that increased the maximum residential exemption in Boston. If passed by the City Council, the residential tax exemption will exceed $2,000 for the first time, representing an increase of $472 over last year's amount. Each qualifying homeowner will save $2,435 on their property tax bill by qualifying for the exemption.

"It gives me great satisfaction to have worked with the Mayor and his administration, the Governor, and my City Council colleagues to deliver significant tax relief to our resident-owner households," said Mark Ciommo, District 9 City Councilor and Chair of the Boston City Council Committee on Ways and Means.

The residential exemption is an important tool that provides support to the middle class in the City. Increasing the residential exemption will keep Boston's taxes competitive with other communities, as the average residential tax bill in Boston will fall 38 percent below last year's statewide average of $5,247.

A historically strong business and real estate climate in Boston has resulted in record new tax revenue growth, producing $75.5 million in growth to the tax base due to new construction and properties being added to the tax base, the highest amount ever produced by the City in new growth.

Homeowners would see the proposed rates reflected in their third quarter tax bills that will be sent out at the end of the year. Fiscal Year 2017 assessments are based on values as of January 1, 2016. Information about the residential tax exemption is available online by visiting Boston.gov.

Baker-Polito Administration Announces New UMass Trustees and UMBA Appointments

Baker-Polito Administration Announces New UMass Trustees and UMBA Appointments

BOSTON – Governor Charlie Baker today named Mary L. Burns, Imari K. Paris Jeffries, Michael O’Brien, Elizabeth D. Scheibel, and Charles F. Wu to the Board of Trustees for the University of Massachusetts (UMass), and reappointed Robert J. Manning to the Board.  Manning, who previously chaired the Board from 2008-2010, will also assume the chairmanship of the board that oversees the UMass system effective Monday, December 12, 2016.

Governor Baker also announced several other appointments, including longtime UMass Trustee Victor Woolridge as well as new Board member Michael O’Brien to seats on the UMass Building Authority (UMBA), serving as representatives of the UMass Board. Governor Baker supports Woolridge, a commercial real estate professional, for chairman of the Building Authority, which oversees the planning, financing and construction of university facilities. The Governor also supports Philip Johnston for vice chair. In a separate announcement, the UMass Foundation announced that Johnston will join its Board of Directors at the end of the year, where he is also expected to be named vice chair.

"I congratulate the new members of the boards on their appointments and thank them for stepping forward to serve the Commonwealth and the University of Massachusetts,” said Governor Baker. "UMass continues to be a global leader in education and these leaders will help the University continue to think creatively and boldly about the future of public education in order to grow our economy, strengthen our communities, and create opportunity for future generations of students.”

UMass President Marty Meehan praised the appointments. “Governor Baker has again demonstrated his commitment to quality and achievement at UMass by appointing civic leaders with track records of excellence whose experience and perspectives will benefit students, the UMass community and the Commonwealth,” President Meehan said. “Likewise, the reappointment of Rob Manning as chair speaks to his achievements and his profound contributions to the University while the appointment of Victor Woolridge and Michael O’Brien to the Building Authority will benefit the Authority by leveraging their experience, expertise and strategic management skills.”

“I was honored when the Governor appointed me chair of the Board of Trustees and I am incredibly proud of the accomplishments of UMass and the leadership position taken by the board during my tenure,” said Woolridge. “After two years of dedicated commitment to that role and in close coordination with the Governor regarding the future of the university, it’s now time for me to step aside to focus on the multibillion-dollar capital activities of UMBA. I’m absolutely thrilled that Rob Manning will be stepping in as Chair and I’m confident that Rob will provide very strong leadership as he builds upon the great work that we’ve done over these past few years.”

“I'm thrilled and honored to assume the chairmanship of the UMass Board of Trustees,” said Manning, who has previously chaired the board. “I'm passionate about UMass and its mission because, as a product of the university, I know firsthand how it transforms the lives of students. There is nothing more important that happens in society.”

Johnston said, “I’m very excited to remain deeply involved with the University of Massachusetts through the Board of Trustees, UMBA and now the UMass Foundation. I congratulate Rob on his appointment as board chair and I am thrilled to extend my relationship with UMass by assisting President Meehan and the Chancellors of the campuses in providing the resources to maintain the high quality and affordable education that our students expect, need and deserve.”

President Meehan expressed gratitude for the UMass trustees whose terms expired in 2016: Richard P. Campbell, Lawrence M. Carpman, Alyce J. Lee, Jeffrey B. Mullan and Margaret D. Xifaras. “We sincerely thank our outgoing board members for their wisdom, their diligence, their tenacity and above all, their love for UMass and its mission of service to the Commonwealth and its citizens,” President Meehan said.
  
About the UMass Board of Trustees
The University of Massachusetts is governed by a 22-member Board of Trustees that represents various interests of the public at large on a non-partisan basis. Seventeen members of the board are appointed by the Governor and five members are UMass students elected by the student body on each of the five campuses. The Board of Trustees functions as a legislative body dealing mainly with general policies governing the University. The Board is not an administrative or management board. The Massachusetts General Laws allows it to act as an appeals body in certain rare instances. For more information on how the Board is composed and its responsibilities, see Chapter 75: University of Massachusetts of the Massachusetts Legislature's General Laws.

Mary L. Burns:
Mary L. Burns is a managing partner of MLB Realty Trust, LLC; Chesapeake Outdoor, LLC; Splash Media Group Boston, LLC; and Capital Advertising, LLC. She has extensive experience in highway management as well as the procurement of highway advertising. Mary earned a Bachelor of Science in Public Service: Administration of Criminal Justice from the University of Massachusetts, Lowell, before beginning her career as a paralegal and consultant. In total, seven of her siblings attended UMass Lowell or the formerly named Lowell State College. She was then appointed to the Outdoor Advertising Board and the Massachusetts Highway Commission. She has acted as an overseer of countless road and bridge projects throughout the Commonwealth and has amassed over ten years of public management experience, focusing on contract review, planning, and development. She acts as an Advisory Board Member for the United Teen Equality Center in her native Lowell.

Robert J. Manning:
Robert J. Manning acts as chairman of MFS Investment Management. Robert’s primary focus is setting the strategy and vision for MFS. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Massachusetts, Lowell, before joining MFS in 1984. He then went on to receive a Master of Science degree in Finance from Boston College. He held several MFS positions, including research analyst, chief strategist, and director of research, before ascending to CEO in 2004 and chairman in 2010. He is a member of the Investment Company Institute’s board of governors. He served as chairman of the board of trustees of the University of Massachusetts system from 2007-2010, before he was awarded a Doctor of Humane Letters from the University of Massachusetts, Lowell, where he endowed the Manning School of Business.

Elizabeth D. Scheibel:
Elizabeth D. Scheibel was the first woman district attorney in Massachusetts, having served as Northwestern District Attorney in Hampshire and Franklin counties. She was educated at Mount Holyoke College and earned a bachelor's degree in psychobiology. She went on to earn her J.D. from Western New England College School of Law.
Elizabeth was a two-time president of the Massachusetts District Attorney's Association and a member of the board of the National District Attorneys Association, as well as an appointed member of the Massachusetts Victim Assistance Board and the Commission on MedicoLegal Investigations. She is the immediate past chair of the Westfield State University Board of Trustees. Elizabeth is trustee emeritus of the Community Foundation of Western Massachusetts and vice chair of the Berkshire Hills Music Academy Board of Trustees.

Imari K. Paris Jeffries:
Imari Kenya Paris Jeffries is an independent consultant for the United South End Settlement Houses, where he conducts economic analysis and reviews strategic plans. He has amassed extensive experience in nonprofits, including serving as the CEO of Italian Home for Children, the COO of Jumpstart for Young Children, Inc., and an interim CEO/partner of Boston Rising. Imari earned a Bachelor of Arts in Africana Studies and History from the University of Massachusetts, Boston, before returning to earn his Masters of Education and Masters of Arts in American Studies. He serves on the Massachusetts Board of Registration of Social Workers and is a recipient of numerous awards. Imari resides in Boston.

Michael O’Brien:
Michael O’Brien is an Executive Vice President at WinnCompanies, a national real estate firm based in Boston.  He is the former city manager of the city of Worcester, serving in that capacity for a nearly a decade.  In his current role, he is responsible for overall corporate management, strategic planning, and maintaining financial and client relationships. He is renown for implementing significant fiscal controls, major economic development initiatives and neighborhood improvements programs in Worcester. He attended the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree. He resides in Southborough, MA.

Charles Wu:
Charles F. Wu teaches real estate at the Harvard Business School.  He is a founding partner of Baynorth Capital, LLC, which manages BayNorth Fund VII, a $475 million fund for 45 foundations, endowments, and pension funds. Previously, he was a managing director of Harvard University’s endowment and a managing director and founding partner of CharlesBank Capital Partners, LLC.  He attended Harvard College, where he graduated magna cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics.  He returned to earn a Master of Business Administration degree, with distinction, from the Harvard Business School. For several years, he has taught as an Adjunct Professor at the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College and as a Senior Lecturer at the Harvard Business School.  He is a Trustee for Newton Wellesley Hospital.  Charles also served as Commissioner of the Asian American Commission and the Chair of its Economics Advisory Committee for Governor Weld, as Chairman of the Economics Advisory Board for Mayor Menino, and as a Founding Board member of the Rose Kennedy Greenway Conservancy.  He lives in Newton.

About the UMass Building Authority
The UMass Building Authority (UMBA) is a distinct, public organization established by the Massachusetts Legislature in 1960. Its mission is to build facilities on the University of Massachusetts campuses that could be financed from student fees and charges. Facilities include student dormitories, dining facilities and parking garages. In recent years the Authority has expanded its role and now builds academic buildings, laboratories, athletic facilities, heating plants, and other facilities, as well as providing funding for the repair and renovation of existing campus facilities.

In order to construct facilities, the Authority borrows funds by issuing tax-exempt bonds. The University has pledged to pay the principal and interest on the bonds issued by the Authority over the life of the bonds. The Authority is also responsible for the construction of these facilities and hires architects, engineers and construction firms to design and build them. After the facilities are completed, they are used and maintained by the University while the Authority maintains ownership of the buildings.

Victor Woolridge:
A longtime UMass trustee, Victor Woolridge has served in several leadership roles, including Chairman of the Board as well as Chairman of the Board’s Committee on Administration and Finance. Woolridge is Vice President for Debt Placement & Syndications at Barings Real Estate Advisers LLC, and previously served as vice president of Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers, a diversified global real estate firm that is an affiliate of the MassMutual Financial Group. He is a 1980 graduate of UMass-Amherst, where he earned a Bachelor's in legal studies. He is a past chairman of the board of trustees at Baystate Health Inc., and a member of the Mortgage Bankers Association. In September, he was announced as a recipient of the 2016 National TRIO Achievers Award, given by the Council for Opportunity in Education. He is a lifelong Springfield resident.

Michael O’Brien:
Michael O’Brien is an Executive Vice President at WinnCompanies, a national real estate firm based in Boston.  He is the former city manager of the city of Worcester, serving in that capacity for a nearly a decade.  In his current role, he is responsible for overall corporate management, strategic planning, and maintaining financial and client relationships. He is renown for implementing significant fiscal controls, major economic development initiatives and neighborhood improvements programs in Worcester. He attended the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree. He resides in Southborough, MA.



中華公所是否追究黃光野簽租約責任交選舉小組討論

President’s Report   主席報告
CCBA Board of Directors Meeting
December 6, 2016
紐英倫中華公所董事大會

1.     Due to my travel schedule in the last two months, I have not been able to file the Quarterly report to the Attorney General’s Office due on November 15. I will file the report by December 15.

由於過去這兩個月中我出差,沒能在十一月十五日的到期日,向麻省總檢察官辦公室遞交季報。我會在十二月十五日這天遞交報告。

2.     The committee to look into the C-Mart lease comeback with a report that raised serious question whether Rick Wong, the former CCBA president, breached his fiduciary duties to CCBA by executing the lease which in part was not authorized by the CCBA board. I have asked Mr. Wong to provide a written response to the committee's findings prior to this meeting but he has failed to do so. I am handing this matter over to the Election/Bylaws Committee to determine what recourse CCBA has against Mr. Wong.

中國超市租約研究小組交回來的報告,對前任中華公所主席黃光野的執行這未獲中華公所董事會授權租約,是否違反了中華公所給予他的信託義務,提出嚴肅質疑。我已要求黃先生在本次會議前,就小組的調查發現做書面回應,但他沒這麼做。我現在把這事交給選舉/章程小組,請他們決定中華公所有甚麼資源來追究。

3.     Following the instruction of Captain Fong of the BPD, CCBA has paid $79,602.95 to the Downtown Crossing BID for the addition of the Chinatown cameras to their contract. The equipment is now on order. We have presented to several trustees of the Chinatown Charitable Trust the concept of using this expenditure to offset the CCBA loan. The concept is well received by a few members. However, there has not been a trust meeting yet.

按照波士頓警察局鄺警長的指示, 中華公所已經支付$79,602.95給城中區BID,以在他們的合約中額外加入在華埠安裝攝影機. 設備現在已經定了。我們也已經和華埠慈善基金會的幾名董事提出,用這筆開支來抵銷中華公所貸款的想法。有幾名成員支持這想法,但他們還沒開過董事會。

4.     The CCBA Delegation, consisting of 33 CCBA directors, spouses and community leaders, visited Taiwan between November 7 and 14 and it was well received by Vice President Chien-jen Chen, Vice Foreign Minister Chih-chung Wu, Overseas Community Affairs Council Minister Hsin-hsing Wu and Overseas Chinese Association Headquarters CEO Jack Huang. Between November 9 and 13 the delegation toured the island stopping overnight in Hualien, Tai Tung, Kaohsiung, and Tai Chung.

中華公所台灣訪問團,包括董事,眷屬及社區領袖,一行卅三人於十一月七日至十四日訪問台灣,得到副總統陳建仁,外交部次長吳志中,僑委會委員長吳新興及華僑協會總會理事長黃海龍等熱情接待。在十一月九日至十三日之間,訪問團環島旅行,並在花蓮,臺東,高雄及臺中等地留宿。

5.     CCBA and TECO have teamed up to show movies at CCBA for those interested. So far, we have had four shows and there is a large audience each time. Also, TECO has approved funding CCBA $1,200 to contribute to the purchase of kareoke equipment so that CCBA can expand its cultural/entertainment activities. Larry Young, our Chinese Secretary, is in charge of the purchase and installation.

中華公所與經文處合作,在中華公所為有興趣者放映電影。迄今已放映四場,每次都有很多人。還有,經文處已批准撥款1200元給中華公所,資助購買卡拉OK設備,以俾中華公所可以擴辦文化/娛樂活動。我們的中文書記翁宇才將負責購買與安裝。

6.     CCBA is collaborating with Dr. Carina Katigbak, Assistant Professor at Boston College Connell School of Nursing, in her research titled "translating and Adapting an Evidence Based Physical Activity Program for Chinese American Elders". Dr. Katigbak is now conducting interviews about culturally bound attitudes, behaviors and beliefs regarding physical among elders at CCBA.
中華公所正和波士頓學院康乃爾護校助理教授Carina Katigbak,就她名為翻譯及適應一項基於證據的針對華裔耆英體能項目做合作。Katigbak教授現正在訪問中華公所的耆英們,做關於文化傾向態度,行為及信仰的研究。

7.     CCBA has collaborated with Mount Jade of New England and Taiwan Young Chamber of Commerce in New England  and other organizations in a series of movie appreciation and seminars. One example is the movie "52Hz, I love you" hitch was shown in November at MIT, Boston College.

中華公所在一系列的電影欣賞,講座等活動上,和紐英倫玉山科技協會,紐英倫台灣青商㑹合作。其中一個例子是,11月在MIT和波士頓學院的”52HZ,我愛你電影放映會。

8.     CCBA co-sponsored with Kwong Kow Chinese School a lecture on the teachings of Confucius on November 25 given by Dr. Tom Chung.

1125日時,中華公所和廣教學校攜手,贊助了鍾倫納博士主講的「孔子如何在動盪中權衡原則」。

屋頂可以種菜 波士頓哲五談都市農業

講者Cathy Chung。

主辦人鍾佳君(右一),講者Cathy Chung(前左五)與部分出席者。

都市與農業,兩個看似衝突的概念,如何成為一種新型態的生產方式呢?Cathy先從現代農業的發展史說起。現代農業的特色之一,機械的使用,一方面提高了農業生產效率,但是購買機械需要的資金亦使生產成本越來越昂貴,為了增加營收以購買農具並且因應機械適宜使用在大面積農地的特性,農業生產慢慢往單一物種、大規模耕種,並且逐漸只有在土地較廉價的鄉村區域才能存在。我們在超市裡所看到的蔬果幾乎都是透過這種鄉村農業生產出來的。經由商業化管理,還有和大型通路商店的合作,消費者大部分都是經由這種管道購買遠方生產的蔬果。在全球化貿易流通的今日,美國消費者的農業生產腹地更延伸到世界各地,以2015年為例,鄰近的墨西哥與加拿大是美國進口蔬果的主要供應市場,秘魯與中國,還有緊接在後的西班牙跟印度,一起連成了美國生鮮蔬果的全球供應網絡。

但因此也衍生了諸多問題。仰賴遠距離運輸的供應鏈製造超高碳足跡,製造端與消費端分離的結果也造成了消費端囤積大量食物,很多進而浪費食物的問題。Cathy以亞利桑納州土桑市的大學組織 Compost Cats 為例,介紹了他們如何將本來會被丟進垃圾堆的過多食材製造成有機堆肥的創意。這個活動的發起地土桑,是墨西哥農產品進入美國境內的第一線入口城市,過多湧入的食物造成的浪費應該如何被解決,變成了一個嚴重的經濟與道德問題。

都市農業某程度便是為了因應這些現象的一種解藥。都市一般來說都是農產品的消費端,仰賴運輸進口生鮮蔬果。但透過個人、社區或城市等級發起的運動,許多人試圖改造自家餐桌上的食物供應鏈。相較於鄉村農業,都市農業通常佔地較小(小於兩英畝,兩英畝換算成台制約0.8甲),有些是由志工組成,單位面積內有較多種類的植物,也比較偏重以人力與基本工具來栽種。這些生產組織的好處,因為距離縮短了,所以蔬果較超市買到的更新鮮可口,減少碳足跡以及食物浪費之外,還具有教育以及團結社區的功能;但反過來,都市農業雖然排除了中間商從中剝一層皮,因為低度機械化人力密集的關係,價格較高,另外還有氣候、法規、惡意破壞等的限制跟問題。因此有人提出,透過種一些市場價格較高的植栽提高土地的單位生產價值,或者推廣農作物各個部位的食用方法,等等的這些措施可能更能夠使都市農業長久經營下去。

Cathy也分享了幾個芝加哥很精彩的都市農業成功案例。第一個是Northside Preparatory高中。在學校的支持之下,志工、學校老師與學生們開始著手改善學校旁邊原本會有流浪漢聚集的鹽鹼地,並把這一系列的計畫納入學生可選擇的課程之中。他們讓高中生從搭建園圃、種植農作物到烹飪食材,親身學習到餐桌上的食物究竟是怎麼來的。第二個案例是Englewood的社區農場 Growing Home’s Urban Farm 。Englewood 原本是芝加哥近郊人口外移最嚴重,工作機會最缺乏,幫派活動頻繁的鄰里之一。農場發起人看準了這個地方什麼都沒有就是空地最多,從農場建立、招募與訓練流浪漢成為農業勞動力,慢慢地讓荒涼市鎮重新有了生機,周圍也開始出現了咖啡廳與餐廳等社交場所。農場也提供更生人再社會化的訓練計畫,讓許多有犯罪紀錄、很難復歸社會的更生人有接受訓練、學習新技能的可能。

Cathy的公司 OMNI Ecosystems/The Roof Crop 則是致力於發展建築物屋頂的綠化技術。芝加哥城市法規針對一定規模以上的新蓋大樓要求綠化的規定,讓越來越多的建商對屋頂綠化產生了興趣。傳統上是鋪蓋草地,來調節溫度與淨化空氣、降低噪音量,但新技術已經不只可以養草地,甚至可以在屋頂上栽種農作物,達到更高的生物多樣性。除了在外觀上更多層次更美麗之外,綠化建築結合了都市農業的特色,用美味新鮮的蔬果,慢慢的在改變居民還有他們的社區 。(Cafe Philo 提供)

星期一, 12月 05, 2016

台灣華語中心代表團訪波推廣學華語到台灣

            (Boston Orange) 中華民國(臺灣)教育部委請高等教育國際合作基金會籌組的各大院校華語中心代表團,日前抵波士頓,參加1118日至20日舉行的2016年全美外語教師年會,宣傳「學華語到臺灣」。
            駐波士頓教育組組長黃薳玉在18日晚特地舉辦座談餐會,邀代表團與全美及本地華語文教師交流。
            黃薳玉表示,在本地華語文教師協助下,今年該組選送了21名教育部華語文獎學金生到台灣學習華語,10月底到11初,又順利和4間學校合作舉辦華語文能力測驗,兒童華語文能力測驗,明年初還將和2所大學合作,利用寒假半赴台短期華語文研習團,另於明年初籌組華語文教師暑期赴台研習營。這些都是配合教育部近期推動的「學華語到臺灣」政策,鼓勵美國學生到臺灣學習華語,也是代表團到波士頓參加全美外語協會年會,宣傳臺灣優質華語文教育的主要任務。
            臺灣華語文教學學會現任理事長是文藻外語大學應用華語文系所教授創意產業學院院長許長謨。他表示,華語文中心在各大學校院裏都是小單位,資源與人力很有限,教育部推動的「邁向華語文教育產業輸出大國八年計畫」帶來很大變化,各華語中心都因此有了更多資源與經費,可以提升自身課程與師資待遇。教育部推動的華語文中心評鑑制度及華語文中心優化等措施,也提高了臺灣全體華語中心的優良品質,強化招收外國學生吸引力,落實「學華語到臺灣」政策。
當晚出席座談餐會,與臺灣代表團暢敘交流的全球各地華語文教授,包括普林斯頓大學周質平教授、德州大學梁思彥教授、新加坡大學陳桂月教授,以及新英格蘭地區的哈佛大學中文系主任劉力嘉教授、麻省理工學院中文部負責人廖灝翔教授、威廉斯學院(Williams College)張曼蓀教授、麻州外語協會理事葉金惠老師、新英格蘭中文教師協會會長呂圣筑,以及主流中小學代表簡淑玲老師,以及來自國立臺灣師範大學華語文研究所的所長曾金金教授等人。

今年全美外語協會年會的代表團中,只有一家華語文教育廠商MakePro是臺灣創業公司,希望透過高科技的手機軟體及人工智慧語音等技術讓母語非中文的學習者有自然學習華語文的環境。為增加氣氛,台灣代表團還特地邀請璞中華文化工作室做舞獅的現場教學 場面十分熱。



波士頓市議會議長吳弭關注氣候變化議題

吳弭(Michelle Wu)在波士頓市議會議長辦公室內談氣候議題。(周菊子攝)
      (Boston Orange 周菊子波士頓報導)一向注重氣候變化的波士頓市,不但有市議會議長吳弭(Michelle Wu)倡議市府經費不可投資化石燃料,提案禁用塑膠袋,波市府的波士頓因應氣候(Climate Ready Boston)”,也將於128日公佈總結報告,訂定未來環保大計。
波士頓市議會議長,也是不分區市議員的吳弭是名年僅三十出頭的新生代,成長期間就關注環保議題,當選為市議員後,陸續提出不少法案,從各種角度推動社會大眾以實際行動保護環境。由於她出身移民家庭,更了解移民社區即使有心跟隨市府腳步在環保議題上做貢獻,往往礙於語言困難,未能積極參與,因此上任以來,十分強調為社區民眾提供多語說明。
吳弭表示,這麼做可讓移民社區至少能藉閱讀文宣,明白相關政策內容與因應做法。
波士頓市早從2007年起,就把氣候變化的各種議題,帶進市府的行動計畫中,並在採取措施,舒緩氣候變化對環境的影響上,有不小成就。吳弭指出,波市府訂定波士頓因應氣候計畫後,也一直在全市各地舉辦活動,為民眾解說各種與氣候,環境有關的議題問題。
其中海平線上升是波士頓目前面對的最重大氣候議題。波士頓市府在6月份時公布的一份研究報告就指出,在最糟糕情況下,本世紀結束時,波士頓的地下水海平線會降低30%,比之前預測的高兩倍,到2070年時,一年之內氣溫超過華氏90度的日子,會有90天之多,現在卻只有11天。
波士頓市府為此也製作了最新的淹水區地圖(flood map),幫助民眾了解海平線上升對地區房屋受水災威脅的影響,以及保險費率可能發生的變化。
吳弭自己,2014年時,就已和第六區市議員奧馬利(Matt O’Malley)聯袂要求波士頓市把市府經費從化石燃料投資中抽出來,以呼應波士頓市府在氣候行動計畫(The Climate Action Plan)”中所設定,到2020年減少溫室瓦斯排放25%,到2050年時減少80%的目標。她說,波士頓市政府的行動,應反映其居民,社區的價值觀。
今年(2016),吳弭在氣候變化,交通等環保議題上,也有不少活動,包括支持對自行車友善的街道,鼓勵人們多騎自行車或使用公共交通工具,和第六區市議員奧馬利(Matt O’Malley)聯袂提出減少塑膠袋浪費條例,規定零售商鋪必須提供厚度至少3毫米,可重複使用,化做堆肥的塑膠袋,並可向顧客收取5分錢費用等。
今年6月,吳弭還和和波士頓市議員Sal LaMattina在波士頓綠絲帶委員會(Boston Green Ribbon Commission)安排下,到荷蘭,丹麥出席環保會議,了解歐洲在達到炭中性,能夠彈性因應氣候的長期準備等目標上的先進做法。
吳弭指出,關注環境保護,因應氣候變化是個範圍很廣的議題,譬如鼓勵人們把車留在家裏,完全不開車,騎自行車或搭地鐵,會減少空氣汙染,進而保護環境。
近年來政府所推動,與氣候,環保有關的措施,還包括州政府訂立了法案,容許市政府幫市民選定一種電力來源,稱之為市府能源整合(Municipal Energy Aggregation)”計畫,為沒有時間,精力在煤,天然氣,風能,太陽能之間做研究的民眾,提供更簡單,可信任的可更新能源選擇。但民眾可以選擇不參加。政府這麼做的主要目地,也是鼓勵人們使用可更新能源。
吳弭表示,氣候變化是一個大議題,涉及的範圍很廣,很多影響從現在來看,遙不可及,在促使人們採取行動,及早為氣候變化做準備上,最大的挑戰可能是如何給人急迫感。

哈佛學者看川普上台後美國亞洲關係 (圖片)

哈佛大學費正清中心今(5)日中午臉書直播"下一步:川普和亞洲"座談會,邀來哈佛榮休教授傅高義(Ezra Vogel),提出國家"軟實力"理論的傑出服務教授Joseph Nye和塔芙茨大學弗萊契爾外交學院韓國研究助理教授Sung-Yoon Lee,刻在哈佛訪問的布魯金斯(Brookings)研究院非駐地學者Lynn Kuok從不同角度發言。會議由哈佛日本政治教授Susan Pharr主持。
這座談吸引來超多聽眾,不但蔡氏禮堂座無虛席,站無餘地,還有好多人被請到轉播房去聽。許多遲到的人,在工作人員嚴格把守下,不得其門而入。

Dr. Lynn Kuok, Visiting Scholar, East Asian Legal Studies, Harvard Law School; Nonresident Fellow at Brookings Institution        

Professor Sung-Yoon Lee, Kim Koo-Korea Foundation Professor in Korean Studies and Assistant Professor at The Fletcher School, Tufts University
Professor Joseph Nye, University Distinguished Service Professor, Harvard University
Professor Ezra Vogel, Henry Ford II Professor of the Social Sciences Emeritus, Harvard University
Moderator: Professor Susan Pharr, Edwin O. Reischauer Professor of Japanese Politics, Harvard