程海東:人工智慧世代重塑教育、學習需求

紐中華專業人員協會「駕馭人工智慧世代的技能」講座。(中華專協提供)

                (Boston Orange 周菊子綜合報導) 紐英崙中華專業人員協會 (NEACP) 11月2日邀得陽明交通大學策略長程海東，以「駕馭人工智慧世代的技能」為主題，描述未來是個CALVIN世界，侃談人們在21世紀中需要培養的才能，非常具有啟發性。

               程海東直言，當人們跨進人工智慧世代，擁思辨力、創新力、團隊力、溝通力、資訊力，以及終身/自主學習這6C技能，非常重要。

他藉複雜 (Complexity)、焦慮 (Anxiety)、閾限性(Liminality)、揮發性 (Volatility)、不可理解性(Incomprehensibility)、非線性(Non-Linearity)等元素，自創CALVIN

紐中華專業人員協會游子揚 (右)送感謝狀給講者，陽明交大執行長程海東(左)。

這個縮寫字，來強調，處身於未來世代必須具備多元化技能及方法，無論是大學、企業及個人都應該關注終身學習及社會責任。

這場講座由紐英崙中華專業人員協會 (NEACP)董事長游子揚開場，副會長連韻婷主持，波士頓經文處處長廖朝宏、教育組組長黃薳玉，波士頓僑教中心主任高家富等嘉賓出席。

程海東以Calvin形容人工智慧世代，

程海東是材料科學家，畢業於清華大學物理系，獲有西北大學材料科學與工程博士學位，歷任伊利諾大學，香港城市大學教授，並從2004年起當了8年東海大學校長，再轉往澳門大學擔任學生事務副校長，從2017年起，應邀出任陽明交通大學國際半導體產業學院教授，近年接任策略長。

波士頓僑教中心主任高家富致詞。

他以長達59頁的簡報，侃論人工智能（AI）的出現正在重塑學習、運營和管理的格局，既給人機遇，也帶來挑戰。它賦予專業人士新的工具和洞察力，加強了人們做決策、辦事的效率和有效性。然而，它也引發了倫理問題，並要求人們不斷學習以跟上技術進步的步伐。要在這個人工智能驅動的時代蓬勃發展，專業人員必須適應並獲得新技能。擁抱技術，發展分析和軟技能，理解數據科學，增強客戶服務，掌握人工智能道德，保持更新，獲得項目管理技能，培養創造性思維，追求持續學習。

史美芳提問。

許翠玲提問。

程海東在總結中表示，教育是要培養專業硬技能及廣泛的軟實力，人工智慧及元宇宙的效應是很複雜及多面性的，人們未來的生活型態及社會文化模式將會是現實與虛擬元素的混和學習環境，教育的數位轉型將加強教育及學習的效果，但卻會阻礙軟技能學習。未來世界有大量未知數，將不可避免的要重新定義一般及持續教育的本質·內容及教學方法。         

               在講談中，程海東以近年來對世界衝擊最大事件，包括2020年的新冠病毒疫情 (COVID 19)，2022年的俄烏戰爭，2023年的以色列哈瑪斯戰爭，2023年崛起的人工智慧等為例指出，2020年世界經濟論壇 (WEF)就已經描繪出未來人類需要具備許多數位化工具，全世界幾乎有一半的人都必須接受再教育，以獲取因應未來世界的軟實力，包括獨立思考、自主學習和策略，解決困難問題，創新和創意，批判論述分析，領導及社會影響，掌握科技應用素養，設計技能和軟體應用，正面思考適應性和韌性，反思決心和思維等。

               程海東展示了一張ChatGPT所生成，以元宇宙作為基礎設施的一座城市畫像，包括了代表數據網絡的數位路，作為伺服器的樓宇，有如使用者介面的公共空間，以及作為交通系統的虛擬現實平台，全安置在未來的城市景觀中。這可視化有助於使用者在元宇宙中如何巡走。互動和體驗虛擬世界。

               另外一張ChatGpT所生成的信息圖，描繪了人工智慧作為元宇宙城市的住戶情景。它描繪出各種人工智慧驅動的實體，例如聊天機器人、虛擬助理，以及互動系統成為了城市人口，扮演著服務共應者，社交互動者，營運經理，以及創意貢獻者等腳色。

               程海東還簡述了從量子力學到人工智慧及元宇宙的科技發展世紀。他從1900年代初期，量子力學誕生，為未來創新提供了理論基礎說起，1920年代發現了電子能帶結構及帶隙說起，1947 年貝爾實驗室 (Bell Labs)發明晶體館，革命化了電子設備，1948年由曼徹斯特的Kilburn引進了第一個程序化軟體，開啟了軟體發展年代。1950年開始積體電路(IC)，迷你化的同時曾鏘了電子設備，以積體電路為基礎的商用電腦開始出現，為電腦革命奠定基礎。1956年John McCarthy底定”人工智慧 (AI)”這個詞。1970年代，個人電腦，膝上型電腦，平板式電腦及網際網路 (Internet)的來臨，對個人生活及專業生涯都發生重大衝擊。1980年代迎來無線數位溝通，更進一步的把世界連了起來。1997年IEEE802.11，Wi-Fi 2 Mbps使得無線上網及數據轉移成為可能。2000年以後，智慧電話，虛擬現實 (VR)、增強式現實 (AR)，展延的現實 (XR)， 以及下一代無線網路科技 (5G， 6G)，人工智慧 (AI)，以及元宇宙的概念，都開始贏得人們關注。到了2010年代，電腦能力及演算的進步在機械學習及概念上有重大進展，由於大數據的可以獲得，深度學習方法開始主導正確性標竿。雲計算基礎架構的改善，研究工具及數據的可以取得，激發，改良了神經網路科技的可負擔性。

               人工智慧 (AI)的歷史發展則是從20世紀初，Alan Turing等人1940年代發明的數位電腦，以及邏輯的行程，底定了人工智慧研究舞台。1950到1960年代，”人工智慧"這個詞，才由John McCarthy底定。1970到1980年代重點放在基於規則的專家系統規則，式設計來模仿人類專家的決策過程。1990到2000年代早期，人們又重新對機械學習感到興趣，演算法改良了，電腦能力增加了。神經網路開始應用愛各種程式上底定了深度學習革命的舞台。2010年代到現在，由於深度學習、大數據，以及計算能力的進步，人工智慧有了快速成長，諸如GPT (生成式訓練前改變者)。

               2024年是個不可忽視的年份，有30多種AI工具出現在市面上。

程海東指出，陽明交通大學已經把科技及博雅 (Liberal Arts)放進通識課程行列，麥肯錫諮詢顧問公司也預估到了2030年，將有1200萬種工作機會會轉型，科學技術的及醫療護理領域的工作機會將大幅成長，30%的工作需要適應人工智慧科技的改變，人工智慧勢必重整就業市場。就連輝達 (Nvidia)創辦人黃仁勳在2024年電腦科技大會 Computex做主旨演講時，都以「人工智慧和元宇宙對專業人士的衝擊:轉移及適應」為主題。

他認為在人工智慧世代，電腦科學專業人士需要的技能，既有機械學習，深度學習，自然語言處理，以及數學及統計，特定領域專長等硬科技及特殊技能，還需要效率及生產力，創新及研究，道德及社交實踐，永續學習及適應，溝通及人際技能，全球觀點，以及熱情和熱心等軟技能。

藍藻瘋長可能有毒 波士頓市府將暫關閉 SPRAGUE 池塘

             (Boston Orange摘譯) 波士頓公共衛生委員會 (BPHC) 11月8日提醒民眾，注意市內海德公園 (Hyde Park/Readville) 一帶 SPRAGUE池塘，出現藍藻瘋長情況，市府決定暫時關閉池塘，並請市民避免接觸，別讓寵物靠近。

             BPHC接獲波士頓市公園局一名工作人員報告，發現有魚死亡，水體呈現綠色混濁狀況，採樣檢測後，發現藍藻。由於藍藻瘋長，會汙染水質，產生的毒素對人體及寵物都有害，例如會刺激人的皮膚和眼睛，令人出現呼吸及胃腸道症狀，嚴重時可能致人於死，因此決定暫時關閉池塘，並發出籲請人們與寵物遠離的警告。

             BPHC提醒民眾，一旦接觸到藍藻，要立即沖洗。如果寵物出現嘔吐，蹣跚，流口水或抽搐症狀，應立即連絡獸醫。

             公共衛生局 (DPH)將持續監測該區域藍藻數量，每隔一週就做採樣分析，一旦有兩輪樣本的藍藻數量每毫升低於70,000個，才會解除警報。

             民眾如有疑問，可電洽波士頓是長健康熱線617 - 534 – 5050。

Massachusetts Caregivers Coalition Holds 1st Annual Employer Breakfast

Massachusetts Caregivers Coalition Holds 1^st Annual Employer Breakfast

BOSTON – Labor and Workforce Development Secretary Lauren Jones and the Massachusetts Caregivers Coalition recently hosted an employer breakfast focused on strengthening caregiver supports for employees and employers. The breakfast, which attracted over 100 registered attendees, was held at the Blue Cross Blue Shield Innovation Center and featured a panel geared to employers and workforce partners.

Attendees listen to a panel called “From Policy to Practices – Strengthen Caregiving Supports” featuring Labor and Workforce Development Secretary Lauren Jones, Acting Secretary of Elder Affairs Robin Lipson, President Chrissy Lynch of the Massachusetts AFL-CIO, and jill McNamara of Care.com, moderated by JD Chesloff of the Massachusetts Business Roundtable.

The Massachusetts Caregiver Coalition is a public-private partnership of diverse business, non-profit, and worker advocates under the auspices of the Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development that focuses on elevating the needs of family caregivers as a talent attraction and retention strategy. Family caregivers represent a sizable population of the workforce across Massachusetts. This event was an opportunity to expand the conversation around substantive change in support of working caregivers. The Massachusetts Caregivers Coalition builds on the Healey-Driscoll Administration’s workforce agenda to attract, retain, and develop diverse talent in Massachusetts.

“The Healey-Driscoll administration understands that many workers across the state are responsible for providing care to a family member and to better attract and retain a strong workforce, we must build the critical infrastructure needed to provide supports for those workers,” said Secretary of Labor and Workforce Development Lauren Jones. “Today’s breakfast was a great opportunity to speak directly to and provide vital resources for our employer partners. I look forward to continuing this collaboration as we grow a stronger, more competitive, and equitable workforce in regions and industries across Massachusetts.”

Undersecretary Josh Cutler kicked off the breakfast with opening remarks, followed by Blue Cross Blue Shield CEO Sarah Iselin, and a presentation from co-founder and CEO of ARCHANGELS Alexandra Drane. The breakfast also featured a panel discussion, entitled From Policy to Practice – Strengthening Caregiving Supports, including Labor and Workforce Development Secretary Lauren Jones, Acting Secretary of Elder Affairs Robin Lipson, President Chrissy Lynch of the Massachusetts AFL-CIO, and Jill McNamara of Care.com. 

Undersecretary of Apprenticeship, Work-Based Learning, and Policy, Josh Cutler, addresses attendees at the Caregiver Coalition Breakfast, recognizing the Massachusetts Caregiver Coalition’s dedication to supporting and empowering caregivers across the Commonwealth. [Nicolas Ruggiero, Director of Digital Communications, EOLWD]

 Co-founder and CEO of ARCHANGLES Alexandra Drane gives a presentation about family caregiving caregiver intensity score. [Nicolas Ruggiero, Director of Digital Communications, EOLWD]

Blue Cross Blue Shield CEO Sarah Iselin welcomes attendees to the Blue Cross Blue Shield Innovation Center in Boston, MA. [Nicolas Ruggiero, Director of Digital Communications, EOLWD]

“No one really plans to become a family caregiver. But when it does happen, we should be ready to support our employees as they navigate the caregiving journey,” said Acting Secretary of the Executive Office of Elder Affairs Robin Lipson. “The Healey-Driscoll Administration is dedicated to supporting family caregivers through important partnerships such as the Caregivers Coalition.”

"Providing a supportive workplace and ensuring our workers have the resources to succeed makes our economy thrive. Today’s breakfast brought attention to the important resources that employers and workers have at their disposal and will help kick start a larger conversation on caregivers in the workplace.” said Massachusetts AFL-CIO President Chrissy Lynch.

In spring 2024, the Healey-Driscoll administration announced that the Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development will lead the Massachusetts Caregiver Coalition to align with and build on the Healey-Driscoll Administration’s workforce agenda. The Coalition aims to partner with, encourage, and challenge Massachusetts employers wherever they are in their progress of supporting employee caregivers by: Illuminating the needs of employee caregivers and their economic impact; Identifying, sharing, and leveraging best practices inclusive of all employer sizes, locations and types of workforce; Championing employee caregiver policies; and Enabling culture change for caregivers across all sectors of the economy.

“By bringing together business, labor, and government partners, the Massachusetts Caregiver Coalition is able to build awareness of the importance of caregiver-friendly policies in the workplace. It’s about attracting and retaining talent, and also recognizing that employees who juggle caregiving responsibilities are developing news skills that are valuable for employers,” said Undersecretary Josh Cutler. “We welcome new partners to join the Caregiver Coalition and work with us in this effort.”

"It was remarkable to see how much the topic of supporting working caregiving resonated with everyone in the room this morning. In large part due to the Coalition’s steadfast resiliency on driving this change, it is had been made abundantly clear that there's a growing sense of awareness that supporting family caregivers is essential,” said Care.com General Manager of Senior Care Jill McNamara. “This momentum is inspiring, showing a real commitment to making caregiving a priority across both the public and private sectors.”

The Massachusetts Caregiver Coalition welcomes employers and workforce partners to join the network and access available resources to recognize, support, and build creative solutions that allow family caregivers to thrive in the workplace while also caring for family at home. To learn more and request to join, visit the Massachusetts Caregiver Coalition website.

Governor Healey, Lieutenant Governor Driscoll, Secretary Tibbits-Nutt and GM Eng Celebrate Slow Zone-Free

 Governor Healey, Lieutenant Governor Driscoll, Secretary Tibbits-Nutt and GM Eng Celebrate Slow Zone-Free

Orange Line 

Officials visited Haymarket to thank riders and workers who made unprecedented results possible 

BOSTON – Today, Massachusetts Governor Maura Healey, Lieutenant Governor Kim Driscoll, Transportation Secretary Monica Tibbits-Nutt and MBTA General Manager Phillip Eng visited Haymarket station to thank riders for their patience and the MBTA workforce for their work to eliminate slow zones on the Orange Line as part of the Track Improvement Program. The Orange Line is now free of speed restrictions for the first time in nearly 15 years.  

“General Manager Eng and his team came in with a promise to remove speed restrictions this year – and they are delivering. For the first time in 15 years, the Orange Line is completely free of slow zones, resulting in faster, more reliable service for tens of thousands of riders. And they’re on track to lift all remaining slow zones across the system in the coming weeks,” said Governor Maura Healey. “This work gives riders back time in their day to spend with friends and family, be less rushed at breakfast or dinner, or take the dog for another walk before it gets dark at 4:30 pm. It’s also good for our economy, making sure people can get to work on time and delivering on our promise to have a world class public transportation system. I’m grateful for the MBTA workers who made this possible and for the patience of riders who share our desire for safer, more reliable T service.”   

“Under General Manager Eng and thanks to the hard work of hundreds of dedicated MBTA employees, the T is delivering unprecedented levels of productivity when it comes to improving the system’s tracks. And riders are experiencing the benefits first hand,” said Lieutenant Governor Kim Driscoll. “Our administration is proud to be delivering record funding to the T to support this important work, and we look forward to continuing to work together to improve transportation infrastructure across our state.”   

“We personally wanted to meet and thank our riders face-to-face to express our deep appreciation for their patience during the work which interrupted their rides on Orange Line trains,” said Transportation Secretary Monica Tibbits-Nutt.  “Our customers have been the best partners ever in realizing that these projects are essential and that working 24/7 without interruption is the most efficient way to address maintenance needs and leads to service which is safer, faster, and more reliable.”   

“Our riders deserve safe, reliable, and more frequent service, and last year, we made a commitment to deliver that. With strong support and leadership from Governor Healey’s Administration, we have been rebuilding our workforce so they can rebuild our infrastructure. With the Orange Line now restriction-free for the first time in 15 years and the MBTA at the goal line to make the entire subway system restriction-free, we have increased the number of trains, decreased wait times, and reduced travel time for our riders across our heavy and light rail lines,” said General Manager Eng. “We know we have so much more to do to maintain the system long-term as we build a better T – one that the public can be proud of. I thank our existing riders that depend on mass transportation and look forward to welcoming new riders by making the T the preferred way to travel. I’m privileged to work alongside a proud workforce along with our industry partners as we continue to build upon this progress, tackling daily challenges head-on, and working together efficiently and effectively to fulfill our commitments to the public we serve.”    

The Orange Line is now completely free of all speed restrictions for the first time since 2010. Slow zones now affect less than 1 percent of the entire subway system over less than a mile of track, compared to one year ago when they were affecting nearly 26 percent of the system over 35 miles of track. As of this week, the Orange Line is operating almost 18 minutes faster roundtrip when compared to travel times on September 1, 2023, just before the Track Improvement Program launched.    

Governor Healey, Secretary Tibbitts-Nutt, and General Manager Eng handed out stickers to riders as a small token of thanks for their patience during multi-day service suspensions and shuttle bus replacements. Workers from multiple internal departments involved in the successful planning, coordination, and completion of this critical work, including the Track Improvement Program team, Maintenance of Way, Capital Delivery, Alternate Service Planning, and others, were thanked by Healey, Tibbitts-Nutt, and Eng for their dedication and commitment to accomplishing this challenging and often complicated improvement work.    

The MBTA has removed over 200 speed restrictions to date since the launch of the Track Improvement Program with only about
a mile of track remains under restriction. The MBTA is on schedule to be restriction-free by the end of the year.   

新英格蘭北大校友會表揚張益唐等30名傑出校友

轉載:

北京大學新英格蘭校友會「30年30人」傑出校友評選活動揭曉

2024-11-04• 來源: PKUAANE

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2024年10月27日，北京大學新英格蘭校友會年會隆重發佈「30年30人」傑出校友評選結果，30位獲得傑出校友稱號的北京大學歷屆校友來自學術、科研、企業、創新創業、社會活動等多個領域，獲選人無一不是所在領域的佼佼者，新英格蘭地區華人社會的優秀一員，是令母校驕傲的傑出學子。

關於本次評選，評選委員會主席，北大新英格蘭校友會理事周林林介紹說，今年是新英格蘭校友會建會30週年，從1994到2024這30年正是中國改革開放恢復高考後第一批留學生在海外生存發展、開花結果的30年。在這個特別的時點，總結他們所做的努力，表彰他們所取得的成就，讓他們的故事為世人所知，讓他們的貢獻為世人所銘記，讓他們所經歷的奮鬥與挫折給後世以啟發，是校友會義不容辭的責任和使命。

評選委員會主席周林林介紹30位傑出校友。

獲得傑出校友稱號的有國際知名數學家張益唐，生物學家謝曉亮，吳皓，也有劉軍、劉小樂、趙平、張偉、惲之瑋等哈佛、 MIT這類國際知名大學的教授、科研工作者，還有在創業、企業管理、諮詢和投資等領域有傑出成就的李允中、梁恆、吳瓊、欒甡、夏汲清，更有王開元為代表的社會運動家、慈善家。他們中既有80年代赴美的早期留學生也有本世紀初才留學海外的新生代，但無一例外都是北大學子海外艱苦創業的成功代表。

獲獎代表張益唐教授發言。

本次評選活動以2024年5月3日成立「30年30人「傑出校友評選籌備小組為標誌開始啟動。 7月19日發佈活動公告接受校友報名及提名，歷時兩個月共收到報名、提名45人份。在由校友會理事會成員、校友會執行團隊、新英格蘭地區校友代表以及社會知名人士組成的11人評選委員會獨立評分的基礎上產生最終30人獲獎名單並於10月27日年會現場，為獲獎者進行了頒獎與表揚。

“30年30人”獲獎傑出校友 (部分到場者)。

北京大學新英格蘭地區「30年30人」傑出校友名單

張益唐 北京大學1978級數學系

吳皓 北京大學1985級生科醫預- 北京協和醫學院

謝曉亮 北京大學1980級化學系

劉軍 北京大學1981級數學系

劉小樂 北京大學1992級生物系

王開元 北京大學1997級光華MBA

李允中 北京大學1980級物理系

趙平 北京大學1977級物理系

梁恆 北京大學1981級化學系

王裕華 北京大學1999級政府管理學院

欒甡 北京大學1981級化學系

張偉 北京大學2000級數學系

惲之瑋 北京大學2000級數學系

吳瓊 北京大學1993級生物系

唐建新 北京大學1983級物理系

柏力 Mitch Presnick 北京大學1988-1990年中文系留學生

田曉菲 北京大學1985級英語系

曹允東 北京大學2007年生物學碩士

潘雅然 北京大學1982級法律系

寇星昌 北京大學1993級數學系

楊繼東 北京大學1984級歷史系

白謙慎 北京大學1978級國際政治系

單銘 北京大學2001級生物技術系

周朝暉 北京大學1986級化學系

臧充之 北京大學2001級物理系

尹鵬 北京大學1994級生物系

施迅 北京大學1987級地理系

夏汲清 北京大學1980級物理系

王思遠 北京大學2003級物理系

王靜 北京大學1995級生物系